you are interviewing a new member of the psychology department for the university newspaper the faculty member states many times people are unaware of
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Exam 4 Psychology 101

1. When interviewing a new member of the psychology department for the university newspaper, the faculty member states, 'many times, people are unaware of the unconscious motivations that drive their overt actions.' This faculty member's views are most similar to the views held by?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Sigmund Freud. Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasized the influence of unconscious motivations on behavior. This aligns with the faculty member's statement about people being unaware of the unconscious drives behind their actions. Choice A, F. Skinner, is incorrect because Skinner focused on observable behavior and reinforcement. Choice B, Carl Rogers, is incorrect as Rogers is associated with humanistic psychology and self-actualization, not unconscious motivations. Choice C, Wilhelm Wundt, is also incorrect as he is known for establishing the first psychology laboratory and structuralism, not unconscious motivations.

2. What is the diathesis-stress model of psychopathology?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The diathesis-stress model of psychopathology posits that individuals must have a vulnerability or predisposition to a disorder (diathesis) and be exposed to stressful environmental factors for the disorder to manifest. This model emphasizes the interaction between genetic or biological vulnerabilities (diathesis) and environmental stressors. Choice A is incorrect because the model does not suggest that stress is the sole cause of psychopathology. Choice B is incorrect as the model considers both genetic predispositions and environmental stressors. Choice C is incorrect because the diathesis-stress model acknowledges the role of both genetic and environmental factors in the development of disorders.

3. The interpersonal perspective ________.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The interpersonal perspective emphasizes social rather than inner determinants of behavior. Choice A is incorrect as the interpersonal perspective focuses on social interactions rather than being a reaction against psychoanalysis. Choice B is incorrect as the interpersonal perspective is not specifically attributed to Erik Erikson. Choice D is incorrect as the most influential humanistic perspective today would be humanistic psychology, not the interpersonal perspective.

4. What is the result when a single zygote separates into two parts, each developing into a separate individual?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Monozygotic twin. A monozygotic twin, also known as an identical twin, is the result when a single zygote splits into two parts, leading to the development of two genetically identical individuals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the scenario where a single zygote splits into two parts to form identical twins. Dizygotic twin (Choice A) refers to fraternal twins, which result from two separate eggs fertilized by two different sperm cells. Fraternal twin (Choice C) is another term for dizygotic twins, arising from two separate zygotes. Nonidentical twin (Choice D) is a synonymous term for dizygotic or fraternal twins, indicating that they are not genetically identical.

5. What role does culture play in understanding abnormal behavior?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culture is essential in shaping our perceptions and definitions of abnormal behavior. Choice A is incorrect because culture actually plays a significant role in understanding abnormal behavior. Choice C is incorrect as culture can have a considerable impact on how abnormal behavior is expressed. Choice D is incorrect because culture influences not only the treatment but also the understanding of abnormal behavior.

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