ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test A 2019
1. Why does Anita stand in front of the mirror while performing a Breast Self-Examination (BSE)?
- A. To check for unusual discharges from the breast
- B. To check for any obvious malignancy
- C. To observe the size and contour of the breast
- D. To check for thickness and lumps in the breast
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When performing a Breast Self-Examination (BSE), one of the reasons for standing in front of a mirror is to observe the size and contour of the breast (Choice C). This helps in identifying any visible changes or abnormalities such as dimpling, puckering, or changes in the size and shape of the breasts. While unusual discharges (Choice A) and thickness or lumps (Choice D) can be part of the changes a person might notice during a BSE, these are typically identified by palpation or by squeezing the nipple for discharge, not by just looking in the mirror. Choice B, checking for obvious malignancy, is too vague and not specific enough as malignancy is often not visible to the naked eye.
2. What are the responsibilities of a nurse towards a patient?
- A. A registered nurse is responsible for a group of patients from their admission to their discharge
- B. A registered nurse only provides care for the patient with the assistance of nursing aides
- C. A nurse's only responsibility is to perform administrative duties in a healthcare setting
- D. A nurse's only responsibility is to maintain hospital equipment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A registered nurse is responsible for a group of patients from their admission to their discharge. This responsibility encompasses assessing patient needs, formulating care plans, administering medications, monitoring patient progress, and coordinating with other members of the healthcare team. Choice B is not entirely accurate because, even though nurses often work with nursing aides, the nurses themselves hold the ultimate responsibility for the overall care of the patient. Choices C and D are incorrect as they depict an incomplete and inaccurate representation of a nurse's role, which extends beyond administrative duties and equipment maintenance to primarily focus on direct patient care.
3. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?
- A. Self-esteem disturbance
- B. Impaired urinary elimination
- C. Impaired skin integrity
- D. Risk for infection
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Risk for infection.' An indwelling urinary catheter poses a significant risk for infection due to its invasive nature and the increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections. While 'B: Impaired urinary elimination' and 'C: Impaired skin integrity' may also be concerns for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter, the immediate risk of infection is the priority. 'A: Self-esteem disturbance' is not typically a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter because the focus is primarily on infection prevention and management to ensure patient safety and well-being.
4. Which of the following terms refers to a process by which an individual receives education about the recognition of stress reactions and management strategies for handling stress, which may be instituted after a disaster?
- A. Critical incident stress management
- B. Follow-up
- C. Debriefing
- D. Defusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Critical incident stress management is a process that provides individuals with education about recognizing stress reactions and strategizing management techniques for handling stress after a disaster. Choice B, 'Follow-up', is incorrect because it generally refers to continuing care after initial treatment, not specifically to stress management education. Choice C, 'Debriefing', is a process where individuals involved in a critical event are brought together to discuss the event and their reactions to it. It can be part of the critical incident stress management process, but it doesn't cover the whole process. Choice D, 'Defusion', is a technique used in the immediate aftermath of a traumatic event to help individuals process their experiences, but it does not encompass the full range of education about stress recognition and management strategies.
5. Which of the following should a patient with a history of chronic pancreatitis avoid?
- A. Low-fat dairy
- B. Lean meats
- C. High-fiber vegetables
- D. Alcohol
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Alcohol. Alcohol consumption can exacerbate chronic pancreatitis due to its detrimental effects on the pancreas. Conversely, options A, B, and C: Low-fat dairy, Lean meats, and High-fiber vegetables, are generally recommended for patients with chronic pancreatitis. These dietary options are easier on the pancreas and less likely to provoke symptoms. Therefore, they are incorrect choices in this context.
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