ATI RN
RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 ATI
1. The nurse is reviewing the home medication list with the patient. The nurse recognizes that hydrochlorothiazide is used primarily for which condition?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Edema
- C. Diabetes insipidus
- D. Protection against postmenopausal osteoporosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is primarily indicated for hypertension (HTN). Thiazides like hydrochlorothiazide are commonly the first-line treatment for hypertension. While hydrochlorothiazide can be used for edema, diabetes insipidus, and postmenopausal osteoporosis to some extent, its main use and efficacy lie in managing hypertension.
2. During a physical assessment of a hospitalized 5-year-old child, the healthcare provider notes that the foreskin has been retracted and is very tight on the shaft of the penis; they are unable to return it over the head of the penis. What action should the healthcare provider implement?
- A. Forcibly push the foreskin down over the head of the penis.
- B. Place a warm compress on the penis.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider in charge.
- D. Wait a few hours and try again.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to notify the healthcare provider in charge of this occurrence of paraphimosis. Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency where the foreskin is retracted and becomes tight, potentially impeding blood flow to the penis. It is crucial to seek medical intervention promptly to prevent complications.
3. A preschool-age child is admitted to the hospital with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN). Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this child?
- A. Risk for Injury related to hypertension.
- B. Altered Growth and Development related to chronic disease.
- C. Risk for Infection related to hypertension.
- D. Fluid Volume Excess related to decreased plasma filtration.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a preschool-age child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN) is 'Risk for Injury related to hypertension' due to the potential complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy. Hypertension poses an immediate threat to the child's well-being, making it crucial to address the risk for injury associated with elevated blood pressure as the top priority.
4. In an immunization clinic, which patient will the nurse identify as not eligible to receive routine immunizations?
- A. An 8-year-old experiencing diarrhea
- B. A 2-year-old with a history of pre-term birth
- C. A 4-year-old with a fever and upper respiratory tract infection
- D. A 6-year-old who has been recently exposed to a classmate with chickenpox
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should identify the 4-year-old with a fever and upper respiratory tract infection as not eligible to receive routine immunizations. It is contraindicated to administer vaccines in the presence of moderate to severe illness, whether with or without fever, to prevent potential complications or reduced vaccine efficacy.
5. Which statement regarding the human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil) is true?
- A. Gardasil is administered in a two-dose series.
- B. Gardasil provides protection against chlamydia.
- C. Gardasil is recommended for males and females.
- D. Gardasil becomes effective after the first dose.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Gardasil is recommended for both males and females to protect against HPV and related conditions such as genital warts and certain cancers. It is essential for both genders to receive the vaccine to prevent the spread of HPV and its associated health risks.
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