ATI RN
RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 ATI
1. A healthcare professional is performing hearing screenings for children at a community health fair. Which of the following children should the professional refer to a provider for a more extensive hearing evaluation?
- A. A toddler who is 18 months old and has unintelligible speech
- B. An infant who is 3 months old and has an exaggerated startle response
- C. A preschooler who is 4 years old and prefers playing with others rather than alone
- D. An infant who is 8 months old and is not yet making babbling sounds
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The healthcare professional should refer an infant who is not making babbling sounds by the age of 7 months to a provider for a more extensive evaluation of hearing. Babbling sounds are a developmental milestone that typically occurs by 7 months of age. Delayed or absent babbling can indicate potential hearing issues that warrant further assessment.
2. A preschool-age child is admitted to the hospital with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN). Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this child?
- A. Risk for Injury related to hypertension.
- B. Altered Growth and Development related to chronic disease.
- C. Risk for Infection related to hypertension.
- D. Fluid Volume Excess related to decreased plasma filtration.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a preschool-age child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN) is 'Risk for Injury related to hypertension' due to the potential complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy. Hypertension poses an immediate threat to the child's well-being, making it crucial to address the risk for injury associated with elevated blood pressure as the top priority.
3. The caregiver is teaching a parent of a young child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. The child is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for control of seizures. Which parental statement indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will not use carbonated beverages to dilute his medication.
- B. I will give his medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
- C. I will not let him chew his tablet.
- D. I will bring him to the physician's office for regular blood work to check his blood levels.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Valproic acid should be administered with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal upset. Giving it on an empty stomach may increase the likelihood of adverse effects. The other statements are correct: A - Carbonated beverages should not be used to dilute the medication, C - The tablet should not be chewed, and D - Regular blood work is necessary to monitor valproic acid levels and potential side effects.
4. During a well-child visit, a nurse is assessing a three-year-old toddler. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Blood pressure 90/50
- B. Respiratory rate 45/min
- C. Weight 14.5 kg or 32 lb
- D. Heart rate 110/min
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A respiratory rate of 45/min is above the expected reference range for a 3-year-old toddler and may indicate respiratory dysfunction or acute respiratory distress. It is essential for the nurse to report this finding promptly to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and intervention.
5. When developing a home program for self-care, which approach is the most effective?
- A. Require the parent to practice the steps regularly and track progress.
- B. Introduce new home programs weekly with clear instructions for the parent to follow.
- C. List all the steps and have the parent teach them to the child without practicing.
- D. Practice the new steps until the child is ready to independently perform them at home.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most effective approach when developing a home program for self-care is to practice the new steps with the child until they are capable of independently carrying them out at home. This method ensures that the child has mastered the skills before transitioning to independent implementation. It is essential for the child's success in self-care activities and promotes their autonomy and confidence. Requiring the parent to practice the steps regularly and track progress, introducing new programs weekly, or having the parent teach the steps without practice may not be as beneficial in fostering the child's independence and skill acquisition.
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