ATI RN
Psychology 101 Exam 3 Test
1. What are genes made of?
- A. Trisomes
- B. Chromosomes
- C. DNA
- D. Proteins
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Genes are made of DNA, which is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of organisms. While chromosomes contain genes, they are not what genes themselves are made of. Proteins are involved in gene expression and regulation, but they are not the primary material genes consist of. Trisomes is an incorrect term in this context and does not relate to the composition of genes.
2. Newer psychodynamic perspectives ________.
- A. disregard most elements of Freud's theories.
- B. emphasize the role of the id.
- C. do not view the libido as a primary determinant of behavior.
- D. recognize intrapsychic conflicts as a primary determinant of behavior.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Newer psychodynamic perspectives do not view the libido as a primary determinant of behavior. While Freud's theories focused heavily on the libido as a driving force, newer perspectives have evolved to consider a broader range of factors influencing behavior. Choice A is incorrect as newer perspectives still build upon some elements of Freud's theories. Choice B is incorrect as newer perspectives may not solely emphasize the role of the id. Choice D is incorrect as while intrapsychic conflicts are considered important, they are not always viewed as the sole primary determinant of behavior in newer psychodynamic perspectives.
3. When examining heredity, mental disorders are almost always ________
- A. influenced by one particular gene.
- B. influenced by multiple genes.
- C. influenced by recessive genes.
- D. not influenced by genes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When examining heredity, mental disorders are influenced by multiple genes. Mental disorders are complex conditions that typically result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and other factors. While genetics play a significant role in predisposing individuals to mental disorders, it is rare for a single gene to be solely responsible for a mental disorder. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because mental disorders are not usually influenced by one particular gene, recessive genes specifically, or not influenced by genes at all.
4. The four parenting styles described in the text differ along two dimensions: warmth and control. The style associated with the most positive developmental outcome is best described as ________ in warmth and ________ in control.
- A. high; low
- B. low; low
- C. high; moderately high
- D. low; moderately high
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'high in warmth and moderately high in control.' The authoritative parenting style, associated with the most positive developmental outcomes, is characterized by high levels of warmth and support coupled with moderately high levels of control. This balance allows children to develop independence while feeling secure and valued. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the authoritative style is not characterized by low warmth or low control, but rather high warmth and moderate control.
5. How does stress impact brain function?
- A. Stress has no effect on brain function.
- B. Stress can lead to changes in brain structure and function.
- C. Stress can improve brain function.
- D. Stress has no long-term impact on brain function.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Stress can lead to changes in brain structure and function, affecting mental health and increasing the risk of disorders. Choice A is incorrect as stress does affect brain function. Choice C is incorrect as stress generally has negative impacts on brain function rather than improving it. Choice D is incorrect because stress can have long-term impacts on brain function through structural and functional changes.
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