ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023
1. A nurse assesses a male patient who has developed gynecomastia while receiving treatment for peptic ulcers. Which medication from the patient�s history should the nurse recognize as a contributing factor?
- A. Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
- B. Cimetidine (Tagamet)
- C. Metronidazole (Flagyl)
- D. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cimetidine binds to androgen receptors, producing receptor blockade, which can cause enlarged breast tissue, reduced libido, and impotence. All these effects reverse when dosing stops. Amoxicillin, metronidazole, and omeprazole are not associated with gynecomastia.
2. A nurse is planning care for a 2-month-old infant who is postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Position the infant on his abdomen
- B. Cleanse the incision site with hydrogen peroxide
- C. Offer the infant a pacifier
- D. Keep the infant's elbow restrained
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should keep the infant�s elbow restrained to prevent injury to the surgical site.
3. A caregiver is teaching a parent of a child with a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the caregiver include in the teaching?
- A. Give the medication with milk.
- B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Avoid giving the medication with orange juice.
- D. Brush the child's teeth after administration.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: It is important for the caregiver to instruct the parent to brush the child's teeth after administering ferrous sulfate to prevent staining of the teeth. Iron in ferrous sulfate can cause teeth discoloration, so brushing the child's teeth after taking the medication helps prevent this side effect.
4. Parents are speaking with the urologist about their son's undescended testicle. Which statement by the child's father causes the nurse to determine he understands the information presented?
- A. An undescended testicle can reduce fertility.
- B. The testicle usually descends spontaneously during the first month of life.
- C. Surgical correction reduces the risk for testicular tumors.
- D. The optimal time to surgically correct the condition is at diagnosis.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because an undescended testicle can reduce fertility. Even after surgical correction (orchiopexy), fertility rates may be reduced, especially when one testis remains undescended. The statement in choice B is incorrect as the testicle should have descended into the scrotum by the time the infant is 4-6 months old. While choice C is true that surgical correction can reduce the risk of testicular tumors, the question focuses on the father's understanding of the information presented, which is better reflected in choice A. Choice D is incorrect because the optimal time for surgical correction of an undescended testicle is typically around 6-18 months of age, not necessarily at the time of diagnosis.
5. During an assessment, an infant is suspected to have intussusception. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Currant jelly stools
- B. Projectile vomiting
- C. Scaphoid abdomen
- D. Frequent stools
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Intussusception is a condition where one segment of the intestine telescopes into another, causing obstruction. The classic presentation includes currant jelly stools, which are a mixture of blood and mucus due to the sloughing of the intestinal mucosa. This finding is a result of the compromised blood supply to the affected area and is a key characteristic associated with intussusception.
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