ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023
1. When discussing the correction of hypospadias in a newborn, what does the nurse explain about this condition?
- A. No intervention is required as the defect will correct itself over time.
- B. Surgical repair of hypospadias is typically performed before 18 months of age.
- C. Corrective surgery is commonly postponed until preschool age.
- D. Repairing the defect does not increase the risk of testicular cancer.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. Surgical repair is the primary treatment for hypospadias and is usually recommended to be done before 18 months of age. This timing is preferred for optimal cosmetic and functional outcomes. Waiting until preschool age for corrective surgery may increase the complexity of the procedure and potential complications. Correcting hypospadias does not impact the risk of testicular cancer.
2. A patient taking isotretinoin (Accutane) for acne vulgaris. Which statement indicates that the patient teaching has been effective?
- A. I should use a reliable form of birth control.
- B. I will stop taking the drug if my skin is dry.
- C. It is important to increase intake of vitamin A.
- D. I do not need to use sunblock while taking Accutane.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Isotretinoin is highly teratogenic, which means it can cause birth defects. Therefore, it is crucial for patients, especially females of childbearing potential, to use effective forms of birth control to prevent pregnancy while taking this medication. This is a key component of patient teaching to ensure the safe use of isotretinoin. Choice B is incorrect because discontinuing isotretinoin abruptly can lead to a flare-up of acne. Choice C is incorrect because increasing vitamin A intake can be harmful due to the risk of hypervitaminosis A. Choice D is incorrect because isotretinoin makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight, so sunblock is essential to prevent sunburn and skin damage.
3. Before administering a live virus vaccine to a patient taking a glucocorticoid medication, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Continue screening and administer the vaccine if appropriate
- B. Note the contraindication but administer the vaccine regardless
- C. Note the contraindication and clarify the order with the healthcare provider
- D. Withhold the vaccine and inform the department of health
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when a patient on glucocorticoid medication is to note the contraindication and clarify the order with the healthcare provider. Glucocorticoids can suppress the immune response, potentially reducing the effectiveness of vaccines. Therefore, it is crucial to consult with the healthcare provider to assess the risks and benefits of administering a live virus vaccine in such circumstances. Administering a live virus vaccine to a patient taking glucocorticoids can increase the risk of developing a viral infection, making it essential to seek guidance from the healthcare provider before proceeding.
4. Which statement is true regarding playful children?
- A. They exhibit flexible problem-solving.
- B. They have low intelligence scores.
- C. They need clear rules and directions to succeed.
- D. They do not perform well in school.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement is that playful children exhibit flexible problem-solving. Playful children often engage in creative and imaginative thinking, allowing them to approach problems in unique ways. This fosters better problem-solving abilities compared to those who may be more rigid in their thinking. Choice B is incorrect as there is no direct correlation between being playful and having low intelligence scores. Choice C is incorrect as playful children may thrive in environments that encourage creativity rather than rigid rules. Choice D is incorrect as being playful does not necessarily equate to poor academic performance.
5. What is functional behavior analysis?
- A. Systematic observation of behavior
- B. Standardized assessment
- C. Multiple choice examination
- D. Parent-teacher questionnaire
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Functional behavior analysis involves systematically observing behavior to understand its function and context. It focuses on identifying the antecedents and consequences that maintain or influence behavior. This systematic observation helps in determining patterns, triggers, and maintaining factors of behavior. Standardized assessments (choice B) involve using specific tools or tests to measure a person's performance or behavior but do not focus on observation. Multiple choice examinations (choice C) and parent-teacher questionnaires (choice D) are not synonymous with functional behavior analysis as they do not involve direct observation of behavior for analysis.
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