ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. The PEM in which children ages 18-24 months display edema of the extremities, torso, and face, fatty liver, sparse yellow hair, and receive adequate kilocalories but not enough high-quality proteins is called?
- A. Marasmus
- B. Kwashiorkor
- C. Anemia
- D. Noma
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Kwashiorkor is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by edema, fatty liver, and other symptoms, typically resulting from inadequate protein intake despite adequate calorie intake.
2. Following bariatric surgery, a patient would initially be given what type of diet?
- A. regular diet
- B. pureed diet
- C. clear liquid diet
- D. soft diet
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A clear liquid diet is typically the first step after bariatric surgery to allow the stomach to heal and prevent complications.
3. While on Bryant’s traction, which of these observations of Graciela and her traction apparatus would indicate a decrease in the effectiveness of her traction?
- A. Graciela’s buttocks are resting on the bed.
- B. The traction weights are hanging 10 inches above the floor.
- C. Graciela’s legs are suspended at a 90 degree angle to her trunk.
- D. The traction ropes move freely through the pulley.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
4. The most important quality of a nurse during a Nurse-Patient interaction is:
- A. Understanding
- B. Acceptance
- C. Listening
- D. Teaching
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
5. Maternal malnutrition at a critical period of development may have lifelong effects on an individual's pattern of genetic expression and on the tendency to develop obesity, which is a concept known as _____.
- A. genetic determination
- B. metabolic tolerance
- C. chromosomal influence
- D. fetal programming
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Fetal programming refers to the concept that maternal nutrition during critical periods of development can have long-term effects on an individual's health and risk of diseases like obesity.
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