ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse at a provider's office is providing teaching to a client who is taking chemotherapy and losing weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to increase calorie and protein intake? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Top yogurt with fruits.
- B. Add cream to soups.
- C. Use milk instead of water in recipes.
- D. Increase fluids during meals.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct recommendation to increase calorie and protein intake for a client taking chemotherapy and losing weight is to add cream to soups (choice B), as it provides additional calories and proteins. Using milk instead of water in recipes (choice C) can also increase the calorie and protein content. Topping yogurt with fruits (choice A) can be a healthy choice but may not significantly increase calorie and protein intake. Increasing fluids during meals (choice D) may fill up the stomach, potentially reducing the intake of solid foods, which is not ideal when trying to increase calorie and protein consumption.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of older adults about sources of complete and incomplete protein. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as a complete protein?
- A. Yogurt
- B. Fresh vegetables
- C. Nuts
- D. Dried Beans
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Yogurt is the correct answer as it is a complete protein source, containing all nine essential amino acids. Fresh vegetables, nuts, and dried beans are incomplete protein sources as they lack one or more essential amino acids required by the body.
3. A healthcare provider is teaching a client who has constipation about a high-fiber diet. Which of the following foods should be included as sources of fiber? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Whole wheat bread
- B. Kidney beans
- C. Refined cereals
- D. Blackberries
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Refined cereals are not a good source of fiber as they have been processed and stripped off most of their fiber content. Whole wheat bread, kidney beans, and blackberries are excellent sources of fiber. Whole wheat bread is made from whole grains, which are high in fiber. Kidney beans are rich in fiber and can help alleviate constipation. Blackberries are a good source of fiber and can aid in promoting bowel regularity.
4. A nurse is caring for an 8-month-old infant who screams when the parent leaves the room. The parent begins to cry and says, 'I don't understand why my child is so upset. I've never seen my child act this way around others before.' Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.
- B. This is a response to an overstimulating environment.
- C. This is a common reaction to an overexposure to caregivers.
- D. This is a typical reaction for a child who is sick.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.' Separation anxiety typically peaks around 8-10 months of age, leading to distress when separated from caregivers. Choice B is incorrect because the infant's behavior is more likely due to separation anxiety rather than overstimulation. Choice C is incorrect as the infant's behavior is not related to overexposure to caregivers but rather a natural developmental stage. Choice D is incorrect as the infant's behavior is not indicative of illness but rather a normal emotional response.
5. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of adult athletes about preventing the effects of dehydration on the body. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Impaired motor control
- B. Drop in body temperature during exercise
- C. Increase in appetite
- D. Decreased resting heart rate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Dehydration can lead to impaired motor control due to electrolyte imbalances affecting muscle function. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Dehydration typically causes an increase in body temperature during exercise, not a drop. Dehydration is more likely to suppress appetite, leading to a decrease rather than an increase in appetite. Also, dehydration often results in an increased heart rate rather than a decreased resting heart rate.
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