ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 1
1. A client is prescribed digoxin 0.125 mg daily for heart failure. Which of the following client reports should concern the nurse as a sign of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Visual disturbances
- C. Weight gain
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Visual disturbances such as blurred vision or seeing halos around lights are common signs of digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite, weight gain, and constipation are not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Weight gain could be a sign of worsening heart failure rather than digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite and constipation are not specific signs of digoxin toxicity and are less likely to be related.
2. A nurse is caring for a client newly prescribed doxazosin mesylate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in client education regarding taking the first dose of this medication?
- A. Change positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs
- B. There is no need to avoid normal activities
- C. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication
- D. Do not eat green leafy vegetables
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: First-dose orthostatic hypotension can occur with doxazosin. The nurse should advise the client to change positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs. Choice B is incorrect because it does not address the potential side effect of dizziness. Choice C and D are also incorrect as there is no specific dietary restriction related to doxazosin mesylate.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed amoxicillin. Which of the following client history findings requires the nurse to clarify the medication prescription?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Peptic ulcer disease
- C. Asthma
- D. Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Clients with a history of asthma should avoid amoxicillin due to potential hypersensitivity reactions. Amoxicillin can trigger asthma exacerbations in some individuals. Hypertension (choice A), peptic ulcer disease (choice B), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (choice D) are not contraindications for amoxicillin use, so they do not require the nurse to clarify the medication prescription in this case.
4. A nurse is providing client education regarding lithium therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take with food to decrease nausea
- B. Avoid excessive intake of caffeinated beverages
- C. Monitor for signs of dehydration
- D. Restrict salt intake to prevent water retention
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid excessive intake of caffeinated beverages as they can interfere with lithium levels. Option A is incorrect as lithium is usually recommended to be taken on an empty stomach. Option C is not directly related to lithium therapy. Option D is not a typical instruction for lithium therapy.
5. A client is receiving chemotherapy and develops stomatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
- A. Apply warm compresses to the mouth
- B. Rinse mouth with alcohol-free mouthwash
- C. Increase fluid intake
- D. Clean the mouth gently with a soft toothbrush after meals
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to apply warm compresses to the mouth. Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucous lining in the mouth and can be a side effect of chemotherapy. Warm compresses can help soothe the affected area and promote healing. Choice B is incorrect because alcohol-based mouthwash can further irritate the mouth. Choice C is also a good intervention as increasing fluid intake can help keep the mouth moist and promote healing. However, the most direct intervention for soothing and healing the affected area is applying warm compresses. Choice D is incorrect because using a firm toothbrush can be too harsh and cause further irritation.
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