ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment Form B
1. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention?
- A. Administer a dextrose 50% IV bolus
- B. Provide 8 oz of orange juice
- C. Administer regular insulin IV infusion
- D. Give oral metformin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer regular insulin IV infusion. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the priority intervention is to rapidly decrease blood glucose levels. Administering regular insulin via IV infusion helps in lowering blood glucose effectively and quickly. Choice A, administering a dextrose 50% IV bolus, is incorrect because it would further increase blood sugar levels. Choice B, providing orange juice, is not appropriate for treating DKA as it contains sugar that will elevate blood glucose levels. Choice D, giving oral metformin, is not suitable for immediate blood glucose reduction as it acts over time and is not the first-line treatment for DKA.
2. When teaching a patient with a new prescription for brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, what indicates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I can expect my vision to improve quickly
- B. I should use it only when my eyes are irritated
- C. I can expect to feel some irritation when I put these drops in my eyes
- D. I will need regular eye exams
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. When using brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, patients may experience temporary irritation in the eyes. Choice A is incorrect because vision improvement from brimonidine is not immediate. Choice B is incorrect as brimonidine should be used as prescribed, not just when eyes are irritated. Choice D is important but does not directly indicate an understanding of the medication's use.
3. A client was exposed to anthrax. Which of the following antibiotics should be administered?
- A. Fluconazole
- B. Tobramycin
- C. Ciprofloxacin
- D. Vancomycin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic effective in treating anthrax exposure. Fluconazole (Choice A) is an antifungal medication used for fungal infections, not anthrax. Tobramycin (Choice B) is an antibiotic used for bacterial infections but is not the first line of treatment for anthrax. Vancomycin (Choice D) is also an antibiotic, but it is not the preferred choice for treating anthrax.
4. An occupational health nurse is preparing to teach a health promotion class for workers at a warehouse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. Rub your hands together for at least 10 seconds when washing them.
- B. Keep your abdominal muscles tightened when lifting objects.
- C. Ensure that 20% or less of calories come from saturated fats.
- D. Engage in aerobic exercise 2 to 4 days per week for 20 minutes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement to include is to 'Keep your abdominal muscles tightened when lifting objects.' This practice helps protect the back from injury by providing core stability. Rubbing hands together for 10 seconds when washing them (Choice A) is a good hygiene practice, but not directly related to warehouse work safety. Ensuring 20% or less of calories come from saturated fats (Choice C) is important for overall health but not specific to workplace safety. Engaging in aerobic exercise 2 to 4 days per week for 20 minutes (Choice D) is beneficial for health but not as directly relevant to preventing injuries while working in a warehouse.
5. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding indicates the condition is worsening?
- A. Increased shortness of breath
- B. Decreased wheezing
- C. Productive cough with green sputum
- D. Slight increase in fatigue
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased shortness of breath. In COPD, worsening symptoms often include increased shortness of breath due to impaired lung function. This indicates a decline in respiratory status and the need for prompt intervention. Choice B, decreased wheezing, is not indicative of worsening COPD as it could suggest better airflow. Choice C, productive cough with green sputum, may indicate an infection but not necessarily worsening COPD. Choice D, a slight increase in fatigue, is non-specific and may not directly correlate with the worsening of COPD.
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