ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment Form B
1. A nurse is assessing a client's wound dressing and observes a watery red drainage. The nurse should document this drainage as which of the following?
- A. Purulent
- B. Serous
- C. Sanguineous
- D. Serosanguineous
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, serosanguineous. Serosanguineous drainage is thin, watery, and pale red, indicating a mixture of serous fluid and blood. Choice A (purulent) refers to thick, yellow or green drainage indicating infection. Choice B (serous) is thin, clear drainage. Choice C (sanguineous) is bright red, indicating fresh bleeding.
2. How should a healthcare professional assess a patient's pain who is non-verbal?
- A. Looking for changes in vital signs that may indicate pain
- B. Using alternative methods like touch or distraction
- C. Using a pain scale appropriate for non-verbal patients
- D. Observing for facial expressions or other non-verbal cues
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When assessing pain in non-verbal patients, looking for changes in vital signs that may indicate pain is crucial. While using alternative methods like touch or distraction can be helpful, they may not directly indicate the presence of pain. Using a pain scale appropriate for non-verbal patients is important, but it may not always provide immediate feedback. Observing for facial expressions or other non-verbal cues can be subjective and may not always accurately reflect the level of pain the patient is experiencing. Therefore, monitoring vital signs is a more objective way to assess pain in non-verbal patients.
3. What are the nursing priorities when caring for a patient with a newly placed peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)?
- A. Performing sterile dressing changes
- B. Educating the patient on PICC line care
- C. Flushing the PICC line as prescribed
- D. Inspecting the insertion site for signs of infection
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Performing sterile dressing changes. When caring for a patient with a newly placed PICC line, one of the nursing priorities is to ensure proper care of the insertion site by performing sterile dressing changes. This helps prevent infections and maintain the integrity of the line. While educating the patient on PICC line care, flushing the PICC line as prescribed, and inspecting the insertion site for signs of infection are important aspects of care, the priority immediately after insertion is to maintain the sterility of the site through proper dressing changes.
4. A client is being prepared for discharge after a stroke. Which of the following interventions should be included in the discharge plan to prevent complications?
- A. Recommend physical therapy to improve mobility
- B. Teach the client how to use an incentive spirometer
- C. Encourage the client to ambulate daily
- D. Provide education on proper medication management
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to provide education on proper medication management. Proper medication management is crucial in reducing the risk of stroke recurrence and ensuring the client adheres to the treatment plan. While physical therapy, incentive spirometer use, and daily ambulation are important aspects of stroke rehabilitation, they are not directly related to preventing complications during the discharge phase.
5. A healthcare provider is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for cimetidine. Which of the following laboratory findings should the healthcare provider identify as the priority to report to the provider?
- A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
- B. WBC count 9,000/mm3
- C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 50 units/L
- D. Fasting glucose 105 mg/dL
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An elevated AST level is indicative of liver damage, which is the priority finding to report to the provider when administering cimetidine. Elevated liver enzymes can be a sign of liver toxicity or damage. Monitoring liver function is crucial when using cimetidine, as it can sometimes lead to hepatotoxicity. The other laboratory findings are within normal ranges and not directly associated with cimetidine administration.
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