ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023
1. Which neuromuscular disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and holding food in the mouth for extended periods?
- A. Developmental disabilities
- B. Parkinson's disease
- C. Epilepsy
- D. Diabetes mellitus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and difficulties in oral functions like holding food in the mouth. Developmental disabilities (Choice A) do not specifically cause these symptoms related to neuromuscular function. Epilepsy (Choice C) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and does not typically present with the described symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (Choice D) is a metabolic disorder that affects blood sugar regulation and does not directly cause the neuromuscular symptoms mentioned in the question.
2. What symptoms would most likely be associated with a transient ischemic attack?
- A. confusion and difficulty speaking
- B. headache and blurred vision
- C. chest pain and pressure
- D. claudication and peripheral edema
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: confusion and difficulty speaking. These symptoms are commonly associated with a transient ischemic attack (TIA), which is a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain. Choice B, headache and blurred vision, are more indicative of other conditions such as migraines or eye problems. Choice C, chest pain and pressure, are more characteristic of cardiac issues like a heart attack. Choice D, claudication and peripheral edema, are typical of peripheral arterial disease and not typically seen in TIAs.
3. What is the primary purpose of dietary fiber in the diet?
- A. Improving digestion
- B. Providing energy
- C. Aiding in the absorption of vitamins
- D. Reducing cholesterol
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The primary purpose of dietary fiber in the diet is to reduce cholesterol levels. While it does aid in digestion by promoting regular bowel movements, its main role is in lowering cholesterol. Choice A is partially correct but not the primary purpose. Choice B is incorrect as fiber is not a direct source of energy. Choice C is also incorrect as the primary role of fiber is not in the absorption of vitamins.
4. Each of the following foods has cariostatic properties, with one exception. Which food is the exception?
- A. Eggs
- B. Instant oatmeal
- C. Cheese
- D. Seafood
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cariostatic foods are those that contribute to the prevention of tooth decay. Eggs, cheese, and seafood are all cariostatic foods, as they can aid in protecting against tooth decay. On the contrary, instant oatmeal does not possess these cariostatic properties. Due to its processed nature, it is more fermentable and cariogenic, which means it can encourage cavity formation. Although it is not directly harmful to the teeth, it does not provide the same defensive benefits against tooth decay as the other choices do. Therefore, 'Instant oatmeal' is the exception among these foods and is the correct answer.
5. Folate is crucial for DNA synthesis and cell division, making it particularly important during periods of rapid growth, such as pregnancy.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell division, which are essential processes for cell multiplication. This makes folate particularly important during periods of rapid growth, such as pregnancy. Therefore, the statement is true. Choice B is incorrect because it fails to acknowledge the significance of folate in cell multiplication and rapid growth, especially during pregnancy.
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