ATI RN
Growth and Development Exam
1. __________ theory was the first to stress the influence of the early parent‒child relationship on development.
- A. Darwin’s
- B. Freud’s
- C. Erikson’s
- D. Watson’s Answer: B Page Ref: 15 Skill Level: Remember Topic: Mid-Twentieth-Century Theories Difficulty Level: Easy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Freud's theory was the first to stress the influence of the early parent‒child relationship on development. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasized the importance of the child's interactions with caregivers, particularly during the early stages of development, in shaping personality and behavior.
2. Regarding a baby’s adaptation to labor and delivery, stress hormones __________. Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 21 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
- A. endanger the newborn
- B. arouse the infant into alertness
- C. cause the cervix to thin and the uterine wall to contract
- D. cause the mother to breathe deeply, increasing the infant’s oxygen supply Answer: B Page Ref: 94 Skill Level: Understand newborn baby’s appearance. Topic: Childbirth Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Stress hormones during labor and delivery actually help arouse the infant into alertness. These hormones can promote the infant's readiness to adapt to the new environment outside the womb.
3. Newborns of smoking mothers __________.
- A. are more attentive to sounds
- B. display more muscle tension
- C. less often have colic
- D. are less excitable when visually stimulated Answer: B Page Ref: 84 Skill Level: Understand known or suspected teratogens. Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 12 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Newborns of smoking mothers display more muscle tension. This is because nicotine in cigarettes can lead to increased muscle tension in babies, which can affect their physical development and potentially lead to future health issues. This is one of the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on the developing fetus.
4. Which expectant mother has the greatest risk of a baby born with fetal alcohol syndrome?
- A. Chloe, a Caucasian American
- B. Latima, an African American
- C. Yvonne, a Native American
- D. Ming, an Asian American Answer: C Page Ref: 85 Skill Level: Apply known or suspected teratogens. Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: According to research, Native American populations have the highest prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in the United States. This increased risk is due to various social, cultural, and environmental factors within Native American communities.
5. During her pregnancy, Padma increased her intake of coffee and tea. Her doctor is likely to tell her that high doses of caffeine contained in coffee and tea increase the risk of __________.
- A. premature labor
- B. limb deformities
- C. respiratory distress at birth
- D. low birth weight Answer: D Page Ref: 83 Skill Level: Apply known or suspected teratogens. Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Difficult
Correct answer: D
Rationale: High doses of caffeine contained in coffee and tea have been linked to an increased risk of low birth weight. Consuming large amounts of caffeine during pregnancy can interfere with the baby's growth and development, leading to a lower birth weight than expected. It is important for pregnant women to limit their caffeine intake to reduce the risk of complications such as low birth weight.
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