ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A client is taking Furosemide for heart failure. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to assess for an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Serum potassium.
- B. Serum calcium.
- C. Serum sodium.
- D. Serum magnesium.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic commonly used in heart failure, can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as a side effect. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to detect and prevent complications associated with low potassium levels, such as cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize assessing the client's serum potassium levels regularly while on Furosemide. Serum calcium, sodium, and magnesium levels are not typically affected by Furosemide and are not the primary focus of monitoring for adverse effects of this medication.
2. A client has a new prescription for Filgrastim to treat neutropenia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. This medication will help increase your white blood cell count.
- B. This medication will help reduce your risk of infection.
- C. This medication will help improve your red blood cell count.
- D. This medication will help increase your platelet count.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include is that 'This medication will help increase your white blood cell count.' Filgrastim is a medication used to stimulate the production of white blood cells, specifically neutrophils, to increase the white blood cell count. This increase in white blood cells helps reduce the risk of infections in clients with neutropenia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Filgrastim specifically targets white blood cells, not red blood cells or platelets.
3. A client is starting a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Weigh yourself daily.
- B. Limit sodium intake.
- C. Increase potassium intake.
- D. Avoid potassium-rich foods.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction to include when starting furosemide is to weigh yourself daily. Daily weighing helps monitor for fluid loss or retention, which is crucial when taking a diuretic like furosemide. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because although monitoring sodium intake and potassium levels are important when taking furosemide, the most immediate and direct way to assess the medication's effectiveness and the body's response is through daily weight monitoring.
4. A healthcare professional is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for Digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following medications places the client at risk for Digoxin toxicity?
- A. Spironolactone
- B. Calcium channel blockers
- C. Loop diuretics
- D. ACE inhibitors
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Loop diuretics, such as Furosemide, can increase the risk of Digoxin toxicity by causing hypokalemia. Hypokalemia enhances the toxic effects of Digoxin on the heart, leading to an increased risk of Digoxin toxicity. Spironolactone (Choice A) is less likely to cause hypokalemia and does not significantly increase the risk of Digoxin toxicity. Calcium channel blockers (Choice B) and ACE inhibitors (Choice D) do not directly increase the risk of Digoxin toxicity through hypokalemia; therefore, they are not the medications that place the client at risk for Digoxin toxicity.
5. A client with asthma has new prescriptions for cromolyn and albuterol by nebulizer. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. If my breathing begins to feel tight, I will use the cromolyn immediately.
- B. I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn.
- C. I will use both medications immediately after exercising.
- D. I will administer the medications 10 minutes apart.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking albuterol before cromolyn ensures that the airways are open, allowing the cromolyn to reach the lungs effectively. Choice A is incorrect because cromolyn is a preventive medication and should be used regularly, not just when symptoms worsen. Choice C is incorrect because medications should be used as prescribed, not based on a specific event like exercising. Choice D is incorrect because there is no need to wait 10 minutes between administering these two medications when using a nebulizer.
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