ATI RN
Proctored Nutrition ATI
1. What describes a criterion used to diagnose diabetes?
- A. a plasma glucose concentration of 100 mg/dL or higher after a fast of at least 12 hours
- B. a casual blood sample of 200 mg/dL or higher in a person with classic symptoms
- C. a plasma glucose concentration measured two hours after a 200-gram glucose load is 400 mg/dL or higher
- D. a HbA1C higher than 5 percent
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A casual blood sample of 200 mg/dL or higher in a person with classic symptoms is a diagnostic criterion for diabetes. This choice aligns with the typical clinical presentation of diabetes and is a key diagnostic indicator. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately reflect the established criteria for diagnosing diabetes, making them incorrect. Choice A pertains to a fasting plasma glucose level, Choice C involves a glucose challenge test, and Choice D refers to HbA1C levels, which are used for monitoring blood sugar control over time, not for diagnosing diabetes.
2. A dietitian tells you that you are not consuming enough calories. Which of the following nutrients could you add to your diet to increase your energy intake?
- A. fiber
- B. water
- C. protein
- D. vitamins
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Protein provides 4 kcal per gram, making it a good source of energy to increase caloric intake. While fiber and water are important for other aspects of health, they do not provide energy like protein does. Vitamins are essential for various bodily functions but do not contribute directly to caloric intake.
3. Low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are?
- A. associated with being underweight
- B. more prevalent in males
- C. highly predictive of CHD risk
- D. not a good predictor of CHD risk
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Low levels of HDL cholesterol are a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk because HDL helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Choice A is incorrect because low HDL levels are not associated with being underweight but rather with increased CHD risk. Choice B is incorrect as low HDL levels are not more prevalent in males but can affect both genders. Choice D is incorrect as low levels of HDL are indeed a good predictor of CHD risk.
4. _____ neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine:
- A. saliva
- B. gastric mucus
- C. bicarbonate ions
- D. enzymes
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate ions, secreted by the pancreas, neutralize the acidic chyme entering the small intestine from the stomach, creating a more suitable environment for digestive enzymes. Saliva (choice A) helps in the initial breakdown of food in the mouth, not in neutralizing stomach acid. Gastric mucus (choice B) protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment but does not neutralize the acid in the small intestine. Enzymes (choice D) facilitate chemical reactions in digestion but do not neutralize stomach acid.
5. Which practice is a type of traditional Chinese medicine?
- A. magnet therapy
- B. acupuncture
- C. faith healing
- D. biofeedback
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Acupuncture is a key practice in traditional Chinese medicine. It involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to balance energy flow and promote healing. Magnet therapy, faith healing, and biofeedback are not specifically associated with traditional Chinese medicine practices.
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