Nursing Elites

1. Each of the following is a characteristic of fat, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. 95% of ingested fats are absorbed
• B. Hard fats take longer to digest than soft fats
• C. Fats contribute to palatability and flavor of foods
• D. Cooked fats improve the texture of foods

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Hard fats take longer to digest than soft fats because hard fats are solid at body temperature, making them more challenging to break down. Choice A is true as the majority of ingested fats are absorbed. Choice C is correct as fats indeed contribute to the palatability and flavor of foods. Choice D is accurate as cooked fats can enhance the texture of foods.

2. Each statement is true of proteins, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Proteins are composed of building blocks called amino acids
• B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is based on the properties of their side chains
• C. The general structure of an amino acid varies considerably
• D. Amino acids polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is not based on the properties of their side chains, but rather on the structure of their amino and carboxyl groups. These groups are consistent among all amino acids, while the side chains, also known as R groups, are what vary and give each amino acid its unique properties. Choice A is correct because proteins are indeed composed of amino acids. Choice C is incorrect because while the side chains of amino acids can vary, the general structure of an amino acid - a central carbon atom bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain - is consistent. Choice D is correct because amino acids do polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides, which can then fold into complex shapes to form proteins.

3. The psychosocial task of a 55 year old adult client is:

• A. Industry vs. Inferiority
• B. Intimacy vs. Isolation
• C. Integrity vs. Despair
• D. Generativity vs. Stagnation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. If it is determined that a child is being physically abused by a parent, what would be the most important goal for the nurse to establish with the family?

• A. The child and any siblings will reside in a secure environment
• B. The family will feel at ease in their relationship with the counselor
• C. The family will gain insight into their abusive behavior patterns
• D. The mother will learn to apply verbal discipline with her children

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary objective when dealing with cases of child abuse is to ensure the safety of the child and any siblings. This means creating a secure environment free from harm, which is why choice 'A' is the correct answer. While choices 'B', 'C', and 'D' might be subsequent steps in a comprehensive plan to deal with the situation, they are not the immediate priority. Understanding abusive behavioral patterns or improving the relationship with the counselor will not directly lead to the child's safety. Likewise, teaching the mother to apply verbal discipline doesn't guarantee the child's safety if the abusive behavior continues. Therefore, these options are not the most important initial goal.

5. What is the most appropriate nutritional advice for a patient with hypertension?

• A. Increase salt intake
• B. Reduce fiber intake
• C. Increase potassium intake
• D. Increase sugar intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing potassium intake can help manage blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension.

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