Nursing Elites

1. Each of the following is a characteristic of fat, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. 95% of ingested fats are absorbed
• B. Hard fats take longer to digest than soft fats
• C. Fats contribute to palatability and flavor of foods
• D. Cooked fats improve the texture of foods

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Hard fats take longer to digest than soft fats because hard fats are solid at body temperature, making them more challenging to break down. Choice A is true as the majority of ingested fats are absorbed. Choice C is correct as fats indeed contribute to the palatability and flavor of foods. Choice D is accurate as cooked fats can enhance the texture of foods.

2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. I should elevate the head of my bed while sleeping.
• B. I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.
• C. I take my time when I am eating.
• D. I avoid foods and drinks made with chocolate.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.' Excessive coffee consumption can aggravate gastroesophageal reflux due to its acidic nature. Choices A, C, and D are all appropriate self-care measures for managing gastroesophageal reflux. Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping helps prevent acid reflux, eating slowly can reduce reflux episodes, and avoiding trigger foods like chocolate can help alleviate symptoms.

3. Mrs. Seva also tells the nurse that she is often constipated. Because she is aging, what physical changes predispose her to constipation?

• A. inhibition of the parasympathetic reflex
• B. weakness of sphincter muscles of anus
• C. loss of tone of the smooth muscles of the colon
• D. decreased ability to absorb fluids in the lower intestines

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. As the head nurse in the OR, how can you improve the effectiveness of clinical alarm systems?

• A. Limit suppliers to a few so that quality is maintained
• B. Implement a regular inventory of supplies and equipment
• C. Adherence to manufacturer’s recommendation
• D. Implement a regular maintenance and testing of alarm systems

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. During the first six months of lactation, a breastfeeding mother is advised to consume how many extra kcalories per day to meet energy needs?

• A. 250
• B. 330
• C. 400
• D. 470

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A breastfeeding mother is advised to consume an additional 330 kcalories per day during the first six months to support milk production and meet increased energy needs.

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