ATI RN
ATI Capstone Fundamentals Assessment Proctored
1. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving continuous enteral feedings. What finding suggests the client is not tolerating the feeding?
- A. Increased bowel sounds
- B. Nausea
- C. Elevated blood pressure
- D. Fever
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nausea is a common sign indicating that the client is not tolerating enteral feedings well. It can be a result of various issues such as feeding intolerance, infection, or other underlying conditions. Nausea should be promptly addressed to prevent further complications. Increased bowel sounds (Choice A) are not typically indicative of feeding intolerance. Elevated blood pressure (Choice C) and fever (Choice D) are generally not directly related to enteral feeding intolerance unless there are specific underlying conditions contributing to them.
2. While assessing the IV infusion site of a client experiencing pain, redness, and warmth, what should the nurse do?
- A. Increase the IV flow rate
- B. Discontinue the infusion
- C. Elevate the limb
- D. Apply a cold compress
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to discontinue the infusion. Pain, redness, and warmth at the IV site are signs of phlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein. Continuing the infusion can further irritate the vein and lead to complications. Increasing the IV flow rate would exacerbate the issue by delivering more irritants to the vein. Elevating the limb and applying a cold compress are not the appropriate interventions for phlebitis, as discontinuing the infusion is crucial to prevent further harm.
3. A nurse is reviewing a client's health history and identifies chronic constipation as a potential complication of immobility. What intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Increase fiber intake
- B. Encourage the client to walk daily
- C. Use a stool softener as needed
- D. Use a laxative daily
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Increasing fiber intake is the appropriate intervention to include in the plan of care for a client with chronic constipation due to immobility. Fiber helps add bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass, thereby preventing constipation. Encouraging the client to walk daily (choice B) is also beneficial as it promotes mobility and can help alleviate constipation associated with immobility. Using a stool softener as needed (choice C) and using a laxative daily (choice D) are not the first-line interventions for managing constipation related to immobility. Stool softeners and laxatives should be used judiciously and under healthcare provider guidance.
4. A healthcare professional is performing a focused assessment on a client who has a history of COPD and is experiencing dyspnea. What finding should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Decreased respiratory rate
- B. Flushing of the skin
- C. Flaring of the nostrils
- D. Productive cough
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Flaring of the nostrils is a sign of increased respiratory effort, which is common in clients with COPD experiencing dyspnea. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. A decreased respiratory rate is not expected in a client with COPD experiencing dyspnea, as they often have an increased respiratory rate. Flushing of the skin is not a typical finding associated with COPD or dyspnea. While a productive cough can be seen in COPD, it is not specifically related to the increased respiratory effort seen with dyspnea.
5. A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus needs instruction on foot care. What advice should the nurse provide?
- A. Soak feet in warm water daily
- B. Wear shoes at all times
- C. Cut toenails in a rounded shape
- D. Inspect the feet weekly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Wear shoes at all times.' This instruction is crucial for clients with diabetes as it helps protect the feet from potential injuries. Choice A of soaking feet in warm water daily can lead to skin issues and should be avoided. Cutting toenails in a rounded shape, as mentioned in choice C, can increase the risk of ingrown toenails. While inspecting the feet weekly, as in choice D, is important, wearing shoes at all times is a more preventative measure to avoid foot injuries in diabetic clients.
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