ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. What is the most appropriate method for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
- A. Insert a urinary catheter using clean gloves.
- B. Limit the duration of catheter use.
- C. Use a smaller size catheter to prevent trauma.
- D. Change the catheter tubing every 24 hours.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit the duration of catheter use. Limiting the duration of catheterization is a crucial method for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Prolonged catheter use increases the risk of introducing pathogens into the urinary tract, leading to infections. Using clean gloves for insertion (choice A) is important for preventing contamination but does not address the main cause of CAUTIs. Using a smaller size catheter (choice C) may help reduce trauma but does not directly prevent infections. Changing the catheter tubing every 24 hours (choice D) is not necessary unless clinically indicated, and it is not the most effective method for preventing CAUTIs.
2. A nurse is assigned to care for a client with unstable blood pressure. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Monitor the client every two hours.
- B. Continuously monitor the client's vital signs.
- C. Wait for the healthcare provider to provide instructions.
- D. Ask the healthcare provider for specific instructions.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the case of a client with unstable blood pressure, the priority action for the nurse is to continuously monitor the client's vital signs. This allows for immediate detection of any fluctuations in blood pressure and timely intervention if necessary. Choice A, monitoring every two hours, may not provide real-time information needed for prompt intervention. Choices C and D suggest waiting for instructions from the healthcare provider, which could cause a delay in addressing the unstable blood pressure, potentially leading to adverse outcomes. Therefore, the most appropriate initial action is to continuously monitor the client's vital signs.
3. A healthcare provider orders a medication dose three times higher than usual. What is the nurse's first step?
- A. Administer the medication but monitor the patient closely.
- B. Verify the dosage with the prescribing provider.
- C. Administer a lower dose to minimize the risk.
- D. Hold the medication and wait for further clarification.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verify the dosage with the prescribing provider. When faced with an unusual medication dose, the nurse's initial action should be to confirm the order with the healthcare provider who prescribed it. This step is crucial to prevent medication errors and ensure patient safety. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because administering the medication without clarification, administering a lower dose without approval, or holding the medication without consulting the provider can all pose risks to the patient's well-being.
4. What is the most important action for the nurse to take before administering digoxin to a patient?
- A. Check the patient's heart rate before administration.
- B. Assess the patient's blood pressure before administration.
- C. Ensure the patient has eaten before administration.
- D. Monitor the patient's weight before administration.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to check the patient's heart rate before administering digoxin. Digoxin is a medication that primarily affects cardiac function. Monitoring the heart rate is crucial because digoxin can cause arrhythmias or worsen existing heart rhythm abnormalities. Assessing blood pressure may also be important but is secondary to evaluating the heart rate when administering digoxin. Ensuring the patient has eaten before administration is not directly related to the safe administration of digoxin. Monitoring the patient's weight is not a priority action before administering digoxin.
5. A community health nurse is providing an educational session on childhood poisoning at a local school. What should the nurse advise as the first action if poisoning occurs?
- A. Call the poison control center
- B. Bring the child to the emergency department (ED)
- C. Induce vomiting
- D. Call an ambulance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In the event of poisoning, the recommended first action is to call the poison control center. Poison control specialists can provide immediate guidance on how to manage the situation effectively. Bringing the child to the emergency department (Choice B) may be necessary depending on the severity of the poisoning, but contacting poison control first is crucial for appropriate and timely intervention. Inducing vomiting (Choice C) is not advised in all cases of poisoning and should only be done under the guidance of healthcare professionals. Calling an ambulance (Choice D) may be necessary in some severe cases, but the initial step should be to contact poison control for expert advice.
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