ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. How should a nurse respond to a client with terminal cancer who has requested a change in the level of pain medication?
- A. Increase the dosage without consulting the healthcare provider.
- B. Consult with the healthcare provider to adjust the medication.
- C. Ignore the request as the client is near the end of life.
- D. Increase the medication to reduce pain faster.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to consult with the healthcare provider to adjust the medication. It is crucial for the healthcare provider to be involved in changing pain medication for a client with terminal cancer to ensure that the new dosage is appropriate and safe. Option A is incorrect because adjusting medication without consulting the healthcare provider can be dangerous and is not within the scope of the nurse's practice. Option C is incorrect because ignoring the client's request goes against the principles of patient-centered care. Option D is incorrect as the primary goal should be to provide effective pain relief with the appropriate dosage, not to increase the medication arbitrarily.
2. A patient with chronic kidney disease has been prescribed a low-protein diet. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- A. Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals.
- B. Monitor the patient's intake and output.
- C. Educate the patient on the benefits of a low-protein diet.
- D. Monitor the patient's protein intake closely.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the patient's protein intake closely. In patients with chronic kidney disease on a low-protein diet, monitoring protein intake is crucial to prevent complications such as malnutrition or inadequate nutrient intake. Encouraging small, frequent meals (Choice A) can be beneficial but is not the priority over monitoring protein intake. Monitoring intake and output (Choice B) is important but does not directly address the specific focus on protein intake. Educating the patient on the benefits of a low-protein diet (Choice C) is essential but not as immediate as monitoring the actual protein intake.
3. A healthcare provider orders a medication dose three times higher than usual. What is the nurse's first step?
- A. Administer the medication but monitor the patient closely.
- B. Verify the dosage with the prescribing provider.
- C. Administer a lower dose to minimize the risk.
- D. Hold the medication and wait for further clarification.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verify the dosage with the prescribing provider. When faced with an unusual medication dose, the nurse's initial action should be to confirm the order with the healthcare provider who prescribed it. This step is crucial to prevent medication errors and ensure patient safety. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because administering the medication without clarification, administering a lower dose without approval, or holding the medication without consulting the provider can all pose risks to the patient's well-being.
4. What is the primary goal when caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. Maintain the patient's oxygen saturation above 90%.
- B. Administer bronchodilators as prescribed.
- C. Improve the patient's nutritional intake.
- D. Encourage the patient to limit physical activity.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to maintain the patient's oxygen saturation above 90% when caring for a patient with COPD. In COPD, impaired gas exchange leads to decreased oxygen levels in the blood. By ensuring oxygen saturation remains above 90%, healthcare providers can prevent hypoxia and its complications. Administering bronchodilators as prescribed (Choice B) is an important intervention in managing COPD symptoms, but it is not the primary goal. Improving the patient's nutritional intake (Choice C) and encouraging the patient to limit physical activity (Choice D) are also essential aspects of COPD management, but they are not the primary goal when caring for a patient with this condition.
5. The nurse is caring for a patient who is susceptible to infection. Which instruction will the nurse include in an educational session to decrease the risk of infection?
- A. Teaching the patient to take a temperature
- B. Teaching the patient to select nutritious foods
- C. Teaching the patient about the effects of alcohol
- D. Teaching the patient about fall prevention
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teaching the patient to select nutritious foods. A nutritious diet plays a crucial role in strengthening the body's immune system, making it more capable of fighting off infections. Vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients found in healthy foods support immune function and overall health. Teaching the patient about taking a temperature (choice A) may be important for monitoring for signs of infection but does not directly decrease the risk of infection. Teaching about the effects of alcohol (choice C) and fall prevention (choice D) are important aspects of patient education but are not directly related to decreasing the risk of infection in a susceptible patient.
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