ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. What is the most appropriate method for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
- A. Insert a urinary catheter using clean gloves.
- B. Limit the duration of catheter use.
- C. Use a smaller size catheter to prevent trauma.
- D. Change the catheter tubing every 24 hours.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit the duration of catheter use. Limiting the duration of catheterization is a crucial method for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Prolonged catheter use increases the risk of introducing pathogens into the urinary tract, leading to infections. Using clean gloves for insertion (choice A) is important for preventing contamination but does not address the main cause of CAUTIs. Using a smaller size catheter (choice C) may help reduce trauma but does not directly prevent infections. Changing the catheter tubing every 24 hours (choice D) is not necessary unless clinically indicated, and it is not the most effective method for preventing CAUTIs.
2. Which intervention is essential when caring for a patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube?
- A. Suction the NG tube every 4 hours.
- B. Check the placement of the NG tube before each feeding.
- C. Flush the NG tube with water before and after each medication administration.
- D. Remove the NG tube once the patient feels comfortable.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Checking the placement of the NG tube before each feeding is crucial to ensure it is correctly positioned and safe to use. Option A is incorrect as routine suctioning can lead to complications and should only be done as needed. Option C is not necessary unless there are specific instructions for flushing. Option D is incorrect as the NG tube should only be removed by healthcare professionals based on medical criteria, not solely based on the patient's comfort.
3. When the nurse discovers a patient on the floor, and the patient states, 'I fell out of bed,' the nurse assesses the patient and then places the patient back in bed. What action should the nurse take next?
- A. Re-assess the patient.
- B. Complete an incident report.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider.
- D. Do nothing, as no harm has occurred.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After a patient has fallen, it is crucial to notify the healthcare provider. The provider needs to be informed so that further assessment, evaluation, or intervention can be carried out to ensure the patient's safety and well-being. Re-assessing the patient (Choice A) is important but notifying the healthcare provider takes precedence. Completing an incident report (Choice B) is necessary but should follow notifying the healthcare provider. Doing nothing (Choice D) is not appropriate as patient safety and potential underlying issues need to be addressed promptly.
4. A patient on mechanical ventilation experiences a sudden drop in oxygen saturation. What should the nurse check first?
- A. Check the ventilator tubing for disconnection.
- B. Increase the patient's oxygen flow.
- C. Perform a full physical assessment.
- D. Reassess the patient's oxygen levels after 5 minutes.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to check the ventilator tubing for disconnection first when a patient on mechanical ventilation experiences a sudden drop in oxygen saturation. This is crucial because equipment malfunction, such as tubing disconnection, can lead to decreased oxygen delivery, resulting in a drop in oxygen saturation. Checking the tubing ensures that the ventilation system is functioning properly and that the patient is receiving the necessary oxygen. Option B is incorrect because increasing oxygen flow without checking for equipment issues may not address the root cause of the drop in saturation. Option C is not the priority in this situation as the immediate focus should be on assessing and ensuring the functioning of the ventilation equipment. Option D delays addressing the potential equipment malfunction, which could worsen the patient's condition if not promptly resolved.
5. A client undergoing chemotherapy expresses concern about hair loss. What should the nurse suggest?
- A. Encourage the client to cut their hair short before chemotherapy.
- B. Provide resources for wigs or hairpieces.
- C. Assure the client that hair loss will be minimal.
- D. Offer the client medication to reduce the chances of hair loss.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing wigs and other coping resources helps clients manage the emotional effects of chemotherapy-related hair loss. Encouraging the client to cut their hair short before chemotherapy (Choice A) is not necessary as hair loss may still occur. Assuring the client that hair loss will be minimal (Choice C) may provide false hope as hair loss is a common side effect of chemotherapy. Offering medication to reduce hair loss (Choice D) is not a typical approach as chemotherapy-related hair loss is often an expected side effect that cannot be entirely prevented with medication.
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