ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease has been prescribed a low-protein diet. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- A. Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals.
- B. Monitor the patient's intake and output.
- C. Educate the patient on the benefits of a low-protein diet.
- D. Monitor the patient's protein intake closely.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the patient's protein intake closely. In patients with chronic kidney disease on a low-protein diet, monitoring protein intake is crucial to prevent complications such as malnutrition or inadequate nutrient intake. Encouraging small, frequent meals (Choice A) can be beneficial but is not the priority over monitoring protein intake. Monitoring intake and output (Choice B) is important but does not directly address the specific focus on protein intake. Educating the patient on the benefits of a low-protein diet (Choice C) is essential but not as immediate as monitoring the actual protein intake.
2. After surgery, a patient is experiencing pain. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer pain medication as prescribed.
- B. Assess the patient's pain using a pain scale.
- C. Offer the patient non-pharmacological pain relief methods.
- D. Reassess the patient's pain level after 30 minutes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to assess the patient's pain using a pain scale. This is the priority action because it allows the nurse to obtain an objective measure of the patient's pain intensity. By accurately assessing the pain level, the nurse can determine the appropriate intervention, which may include administering pain medication as prescribed (choice A) or offering non-pharmacological pain relief methods (choice C). Reassessing the patient's pain level after 30 minutes (choice D) is important but comes after the initial assessment to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions implemented.
3. A patient reflects a correct understanding about the relationship between the gate control theory of pain and the use of meditation to relieve pain?
- A. Meditation alters the chemical composition of pain neuroregulators, which closes the gate.
- B. Meditation stops the occurrence of pain stimuli.
- C. Meditation controls pain by blocking pain impulses from coming through the gate.
- D. Meditation will help me sleep through the pain because it opens the gate.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. According to the gate control theory, meditation helps relieve pain by blocking pain impulses from coming through the gate in the central nervous system. Choice A is incorrect as meditation does not directly alter the chemical composition of pain neuroregulators. Choice B is incorrect because meditation does not stop the occurrence of pain stimuli. Choice D is incorrect as meditation does not open the gate but rather closes it to block pain impulses.
4. A health care provider asks the nurse who is caring for a client with a new colostomy to ask the hospital's stoma nurse to visit the client. What is the nurse's responsibility?
- A. Contact the stoma nurse immediately.
- B. Educate the client on stoma care.
- C. Assess the stoma site for complications.
- D. Arrange for follow-up visits with the stoma nurse.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Educate the client on stoma care.' The nurse's primary responsibility in this scenario is to provide education to the client on stoma care. This empowers the client to take care of their colostomy effectively. While it is important to involve the stoma nurse for specialized care, the immediate action required from the nurse is client education. Choice A is incorrect as the immediate action is not to contact the stoma nurse but to educate the client first. Choice C is not the nurse's initial responsibility unless there are obvious complications. Choice D is premature as arranging follow-up visits should come after the client has been educated and initial care has been provided.
5. What is the most important nursing action when caring for a patient with a central venous catheter (CVC)?
- A. Monitor the patient's blood pressure regularly.
- B. Change the CVC dressing every 72 hours.
- C. Flush the CVC with normal saline every shift.
- D. Avoid using the CVC for blood draws.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most important nursing action when caring for a patient with a central venous catheter (CVC) is to change the CVC dressing every 72 hours. This practice reduces the risk of infection and ensures the catheter remains secure. Monitoring the patient's blood pressure regularly is important but not the most crucial action when managing a CVC. Flushing the CVC with normal saline is essential but not the most important action. Avoiding using the CVC for blood draws is a good practice, but it is not the most critical nursing action in this scenario.
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