ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. A patient with a history of asthma is admitted with shortness of breath. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- A. Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed.
- B. Encourage the patient to use an incentive spirometer.
- C. Place the patient in a high Fowler's position.
- D. Monitor the patient's oxygen saturation closely.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer a bronchodilator as prescribed. This intervention is the priority for a patient with asthma experiencing shortness of breath as it helps relax the airways, making breathing easier. Encouraging the use of an incentive spirometer (Choice B) is beneficial for lung expansion but not the priority in this acute situation. Placing the patient in a high Fowler's position (Choice C) can also help with breathing but is not as immediate as administering a bronchodilator. While monitoring the patient's oxygen saturation closely (Choice D) is important, the immediate action to address the breathing difficulty is administering a bronchodilator.
2. A patient reflects a correct understanding about the relationship between the gate control theory of pain and the use of meditation to relieve pain?
- A. Meditation alters the chemical composition of pain neuroregulators, which closes the gate.
- B. Meditation stops the occurrence of pain stimuli.
- C. Meditation controls pain by blocking pain impulses from coming through the gate.
- D. Meditation will help me sleep through the pain because it opens the gate.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. According to the gate control theory, meditation helps relieve pain by blocking pain impulses from coming through the gate in the central nervous system. Choice A is incorrect as meditation does not directly alter the chemical composition of pain neuroregulators. Choice B is incorrect because meditation does not stop the occurrence of pain stimuli. Choice D is incorrect as meditation does not open the gate but rather closes it to block pain impulses.
3. A nurse is evaluating care of an immobilized patient. Which action will the nurse take?
- A. Involve primarily the patient's family and healthcare team to determine goal achievement.
- B. Focus on whether the interdisciplinary team is satisfied with the care.
- C. Use objective data solely to determine whether interventions have been successful.
- D. Compare the patient's actual outcomes with the outcomes in the care plan.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because comparing the patient's actual outcomes with the outcomes in the care plan is essential in evaluating the effectiveness of care provided to an immobilized patient. This comparison helps in identifying any disparities between the planned care and the actual care received, allowing the nurse to make necessary adjustments to improve patient outcomes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while involving the patient's family and healthcare team, ensuring interdisciplinary team satisfaction, and using objective data are important aspects of patient care, they do not directly address the specific action needed to evaluate care for an immobilized patient.
4. A patient reports nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer an antiemetic as prescribed.
- B. Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals.
- C. Provide the patient with anti-nausea wristbands.
- D. Encourage the patient to rest after eating.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer an antiemetic as prescribed. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be distressing for patients. Administering an antiemetic helps alleviate these symptoms effectively. Choice B, encouraging the patient to eat small, frequent meals, may be helpful for other gastrointestinal issues but is not the priority when the patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Choice C, providing anti-nausea wristbands, may offer some relief but is not as direct and immediate as administering an antiemetic. Choice D, encouraging the patient to rest after eating, is not the priority in this situation where the focus should be on managing the nausea and vomiting.
5. A nurse manager assigns a new nurse to care for a client with unstable blood pressure. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Ask the charge nurse for assistance.
- B. Recheck the blood pressure before calling for help.
- C. Monitor the client's blood pressure closely.
- D. Administer antihypertensive medication immediately.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to recheck the blood pressure before calling for help. When caring for a client with unstable blood pressure, the nurse's priority is to ensure an accurate assessment. Rechecking the blood pressure will confirm the instability and guide further actions. Asking the charge nurse for assistance (Choice A) is important but should come after assessing the situation. Monitoring the client's blood pressure closely (Choice C) is essential, but the immediate action should be to recheck and confirm the current status. Administering antihypertensive medication immediately (Choice D) without a confirmed assessment can be dangerous and is not the initial priority.
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