ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. Which nursing action will best help a patient with diabetes manage their condition?
- A. Monitor the patient's blood sugar levels regularly.
- B. Encourage the patient to follow a diabetic meal plan.
- C. Teach the patient how to administer insulin.
- D. Teach the patient about the complications of diabetes.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teach the patient how to administer insulin. This action is crucial in promoting self-management and control of diabetes. By educating the patient on administering insulin, they can actively participate in their treatment plan. Monitoring blood sugar levels (choice A) is important but doesn't empower the patient to take direct action. Encouraging a diabetic meal plan (choice B) is beneficial but may not directly address the need for insulin administration. Teaching about the complications of diabetes (choice D) is essential but may not be as immediately impactful as teaching insulin administration for day-to-day management.
2. A client complains of pain in their leg, and the nurse notes swelling and pallor. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Administer pain medication.
- B. Elevate the limb and monitor closely.
- C. Encourage movement to reduce swelling.
- D. Notify the provider immediately about the symptoms.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Notify the provider immediately about the symptoms. Swelling and pallor in a limb can be indicative of serious circulatory issues or compartment syndrome. It is crucial to inform the healthcare provider promptly to assess and address the situation. Administering pain medication (choice A) may temporarily alleviate the symptoms but does not address the underlying cause. Elevating the limb and monitoring closely (choice B) can be beneficial but does not replace the need for immediate professional evaluation. Encouraging movement to reduce swelling (choice C) is contraindicated in this scenario as it may worsen the condition if a circulatory issue or compartment syndrome is present.
3. A patient on mechanical ventilation experiences a sudden drop in oxygen saturation. What should the nurse check first?
- A. Check the ventilator tubing for disconnection.
- B. Increase the patient's oxygen flow.
- C. Perform a full physical assessment.
- D. Reassess the patient's oxygen levels after 5 minutes.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to check the ventilator tubing for disconnection first when a patient on mechanical ventilation experiences a sudden drop in oxygen saturation. This is crucial because equipment malfunction, such as tubing disconnection, can lead to decreased oxygen delivery, resulting in a drop in oxygen saturation. Checking the tubing ensures that the ventilation system is functioning properly and that the patient is receiving the necessary oxygen. Option B is incorrect because increasing oxygen flow without checking for equipment issues may not address the root cause of the drop in saturation. Option C is not the priority in this situation as the immediate focus should be on assessing and ensuring the functioning of the ventilation equipment. Option D delays addressing the potential equipment malfunction, which could worsen the patient's condition if not promptly resolved.
4. Which intervention is most effective in preventing postoperative complications?
- A. Encourage the patient to drink fluids.
- B. Ambulate the patient as soon as possible.
- C. Perform deep breathing exercises with the patient.
- D. Encourage the patient to perform range of motion exercises.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most effective intervention in preventing postoperative complications is to ambulate the patient as soon as possible. Early ambulation helps prevent complications like deep vein thrombosis and pneumonia by enhancing circulation and preventing respiratory issues. Encouraging the patient to drink fluids, perform deep breathing exercises, or range of motion exercises are beneficial interventions, but ambulation is the priority due to its overall impact on preventing various postoperative complications.
5. A healthcare professional is teaching a patient how to prevent falls at home. Which instruction is most appropriate?
- A. Keep your living space well-lit.
- B. Remove loose rugs and install grab bars in the bathroom.
- C. Use furniture to provide support when walking.
- D. Wear socks without shoes to prevent slipping.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate instruction to prevent falls at home is to remove loose rugs and install grab bars in high-risk areas like the bathroom. This helps eliminate tripping hazards and provides stability for the patient. Keeping the living space well-lit (Choice A) is important but may not directly address fall prevention. Using furniture for support (Choice C) can lead to accidents if the furniture is not stable. Wearing socks without shoes (Choice D) increases the risk of slipping rather than preventing falls.
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