ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. What is the priority intervention for a patient experiencing chest pain?
- A. Administer nitroglycerin as prescribed.
- B. Encourage the patient to take deep breaths.
- C. Monitor the patient's blood pressure closely.
- D. Encourage the patient to rest in a comfortable position.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer nitroglycerin as prescribed. Nitroglycerin helps relieve chest pain by dilating blood vessels and improving blood flow, addressing the immediate concern of chest pain. Encouraging deep breaths may not be appropriate for chest pain, monitoring blood pressure, although important, is not the priority when the patient is experiencing chest pain, and while resting in a comfortable position is beneficial, administering nitroglycerin is the priority intervention to address the chest pain.
2. A nurse is assessing the skin of an immobilized patient. What will the nurse do?
- A. Use a standardized tool such as the Braden Scale.
- B. Limit the amount of fluid intake.
- C. Have special times for inspection so as not to interrupt routine care.
- D. Assess the skin every 4 hours.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. When assessing the skin of an immobilized patient, it is essential to use a standardized tool such as the Braden Scale to identify patients at high risk for impaired skin integrity. This tool helps in early identification and appropriate intervention. Choice B, limiting fluid intake, is not directly related to skin assessment. Choice C, having special times for inspection, may not ensure timely identification of skin issues. Choice D, assessing the skin every 4 hours, lacks specificity regarding the use of a validated tool for risk assessment.
3. A patient with a history of asthma is admitted with shortness of breath. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- A. Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed.
- B. Encourage the patient to use an incentive spirometer.
- C. Place the patient in a high Fowler's position.
- D. Monitor the patient's oxygen saturation closely.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer a bronchodilator as prescribed. This intervention is the priority for a patient with asthma experiencing shortness of breath as it helps relax the airways, making breathing easier. Encouraging the use of an incentive spirometer (Choice B) is beneficial for lung expansion but not the priority in this acute situation. Placing the patient in a high Fowler's position (Choice C) can also help with breathing but is not as immediate as administering a bronchodilator. While monitoring the patient's oxygen saturation closely (Choice D) is important, the immediate action to address the breathing difficulty is administering a bronchodilator.
4. Which action should the nurse take to minimize the risk of medication errors?
- A. Prepare medications ahead of time to ensure they are ready.
- B. Ensure two nurses double-check medications before administration.
- C. Administer medications at the same time each day.
- D. Rely on memory to administer the correct medications.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ensuring two nurses double-check medications before administration is a crucial step in minimizing the risk of medication errors. This practice helps in verifying the accuracy of medication orders and reducing the chances of mistakes. Choice A may not necessarily prevent errors as preparing medications ahead of time does not guarantee accuracy. Choice C, administering medications at the same time each day, is important for consistency but does not directly address the risk of errors. Choice D, relying on memory, is highly discouraged as it increases the likelihood of errors due to human forgetfulness.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a high dose of morphine to a patient with terminal cancer. What is the nurse's primary consideration before administration?
- A. Ensure the family is aware of the dosage to be administered.
- B. Monitor the patient for respiratory depression.
- C. Administer the morphine in divided doses.
- D. Delay administration until the next assessment.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the patient for respiratory depression. When administering a high dose of morphine, the nurse's primary consideration should be to monitor the patient for respiratory depression, as morphine can slow down breathing, especially in higher doses. Option A is incorrect because the primary focus should be on the patient's well-being and safety rather than family awareness at this point. Option C is not the best approach as the immediate concern is monitoring the patient closely for any adverse effects. Option D is not advisable as delaying administration without a valid reason can compromise pain management in a terminal cancer patient.
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