ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Which list contains fatty acids that reduce cardiovascular disease risk?
- A. omega 3, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids
- B. EPA and DHA
- C. omega 6, omega 3, partially hydrogenated oil
- D. omega 3, EPA, saturated fatty acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), both omega-3 fatty acids, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
2. What is the procedure called when direct observations are used to generate an estimate of a client's current food intake?
- A. Food diary
- B. 24-hour recall
- C. Kilocalorie count
- D. Nutrient surveillance record
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A kilocalorie count is the correct answer as it involves directly observing a client's food intake, which is often used in hospitals to accurately assess nutritional intake and ensure it meets dietary requirements. A food diary (Choice A) is typically self-reported by the client and not directly observed. A 24-hour recall (Choice B) is also usually self-reported and relies on a client's memory of the past 24 hours, which can be unreliable. A nutrient surveillance record (Choice D) is a broader term for tracking nutrient intake in a population and is not specific to the direct observation of an individual's food intake.
3. Riboflavin
- A. Vitamin B1
- B. Vitamin B2
- C. Vitamin B3
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Riboflavin is also known as Vitamin B2, which is important for energy production and the metabolism of fats, drugs, and steroids.
4. What is the digestive action of bile?
- A. It breaks down carbohydrates
- B. It breaks down proteins
- C. It breaks down lipids
- D. It aids in fat digestion
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Bile, which is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of fats. It does this by emulsifying the fats, which makes them easier for the digestive enzymes, such as lipase, to break down. While choices A, B, and C could be seen as partially correct since fats are a type of lipid and the process of breaking down fats could be seen as breaking down lipids, the most accurate answer is D, as the primary function of bile is to aid in fat digestion, not the digestion of all types of lipids or the digestion of proteins or carbohydrates.
5. Which of the following is a factor that affects Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
- A. Age
- B. Sleep
- C. Fasting/Starvation
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: All the listed options (Age, Sleep, Fasting/Starvation, Activity Level) are factors that can affect a person's Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). BMR is the number of calories your body needs to accomplish its most basic (basal) life-sustaining functions. Age can affect BMR as metabolism slows with age. Sleep can influence BMR as metabolism slows during sleep. Fasting or starvation can decrease BMR as the body conserves energy. Activity level can also influence BMR; the more active you are, the higher your BMR, as your body requires more energy for physical activities.
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