for patients with hypertension which dietary change is most recommended

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. For patients with hypertension, which dietary change is most recommended?

A. Increase salt intake
B. Reduce fiber intake
C. Increase potassium intake
D. Reduce sugar intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing potassium intake can help reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

2. A nurse is initiating continuous enteral feedings for a client who has a new gastrostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Measure the client’s gastric residual every 12 hours.
B. Obtain the client’s electrolyte levels every 4 hours.
C. Keep the client’s head elevated at 15° during feedings.
D. Flush the client’s tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hours.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Flushing the client’s tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hours is essential to maintain tube patency and prevent blockages. This action helps ensure the continuous flow of enteral feedings without obstruction. Measuring the client’s gastric residual every 12 hours (Choice A) is important but not the priority when initiating enteral feedings. Obtaining the client’s electrolyte levels every 4 hours (Choice B) is unnecessary and not directly related to tube feeding initiation. Keeping the client’s head elevated at 15° during feedings (Choice C) is a good practice to prevent aspiration, but tube flushing is more crucial to prevent tube occlusion.

3. Is the statement 'The metabolic rate is the highest after a few hours of sleep' true or false?

A. True
B. False
C.
D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The statement is false. The metabolic rate is actually lowest during sleep and increases upon waking. During sleep, the body conserves energy, leading to a lower metabolic rate. As the body wakes up and becomes active, the metabolic rate increases to support the body's functions and energy needs. Therefore, the metabolic rate is not the highest after a few hours of sleep, making the statement false.

4. Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis and wound healing?

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is crucial for collagen synthesis, a process important for wound healing. Collagen is a key protein that helps in wound repair and tissue strength. Vitamin D is primarily known for its role in calcium absorption and bone health, not directly related to collagen synthesis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage but is not directly involved in collagen synthesis. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but does not play a major role in collagen synthesis for wound healing.

5. What is a major constituent of cell membranes?

A. cholesterol
B. phospholipid
C. saturated
D. triglyceride

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes, providing structural integrity and facilitating cell signaling. Cholesterol (choice A) is also present in cell membranes but in smaller amounts and plays a different role. Saturated (choice C) and triglyceride (choice D) are not major constituents of cell membranes.