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ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. Which urinalysis result should the nurse anticipate for a child admitted with acute glomerulonephritis?
- A. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity
- B. Hematuria and proteinuria
- C. Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity
- D. Bacteriuria and hematuria
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In acute glomerulonephritis, the glomeruli become inflamed, leading to the leakage of red blood cells (hematuria) and proteins (proteinuria) into the urine. These are hallmark findings in this condition due to the damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. Bacteriuria, the presence of bacteria in the urine, is not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis unless there is a concurrent urinary tract infection. Specific gravity may be normal or decreased due to the loss of proteins in the urine, rather than increased. Therefore, the correct anticipated urinalysis result for a child with acute glomerulonephritis is hematuria and proteinuria.
2. A nurse is teaching a group of parents about preventing childhood obesity. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Serve your child 1 to 2 cups of fruit juice daily
- B. Feed your child whole milk until 2 years of age
- C. Eat at least one fruit or vegetable with each meal
- D. Limit your child's TV watching to 1 to 2 hr per day
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should instruct parents to limit their child�s TV watching to 1 to 2 hours per day to prevent childhood obesity.
3. What type of characteristic is described in this scenario?
- A. Mode Change
- B. Social
- C. Enduring
- D. Situational
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The scenario describes a temporary change in Ava's emotional state due to a specific event - the fight with her friend. This aligns with the definition of a situational characteristic, which is influenced by specific circumstances or events. Ava's sadness and tearfulness in this situation are not reflective of a permanent trait but rather a response to a particular situation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. 'Mode Change' does not accurately describe the situation; 'Social' is too broad and does not specifically address Ava's emotional state change; 'Enduring' implies a long-lasting trait, which is not the case in this scenario.
4. Why is it important to assess for in a child receiving prednisone to treat nephrotic syndrome?
- A. Infection
- B. Urinary retention
- C. Easy bruising
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a child is receiving prednisone to treat nephrotic syndrome, it is crucial to assess for infection. Prednisone suppresses the immune system, making the child more vulnerable to infections. Since steroids can mask typical signs of infection, it is essential to look for subtle symptoms to ensure prompt treatment and prevent complications. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the impact of prednisone therapy in nephrotic syndrome.
5. A patient who has PUD and is receiving magnesium hydroxide (MOM) is experiencing an increased number of BM. Which is the nurse�s priority action?
- A. Ask the HCP for a reduction in dose
- B. Encourage the patient to increase dietary fiber
- C. Administer the drug with an aluminum hydroxide antacid
- D. Instruct patient to keep an accurate stool count
Correct answer: C
Rationale: MOM is a rapid-acting antacid with a prominent adverse effect of diarrhea. To compensate, it usually is administered in combo with aluminum hydroxide which promotes constipation. A reduction in dose might be necessary if the diarrhea is severe, but this is not a priority action. Increasing dietary fiber and keeping a stool count are appropriate actions to implement after adding an antacid to counteract the diarrhea effect.
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