ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. Which statement most reflects the observation that the infant sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and maintains a quiet alert state?
- A. This is atypical behavior and should be addressed
- B. The infant should remain on high alert when awake
- C. This shows the infant is making neurological gains
- D. The family is disrupting the child's sleep patterns
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A quiet alert state in infants indicates positive neurological development. It showcases the infant's ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles and maintain an optimal state for learning and interaction. Therefore, observing an infant who sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and stays in a quiet alert state is a reassuring sign of neurological gains and healthy development. Choice A is incorrect as it misinterprets normal behavior as atypical. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests the infant should be on high alert, which is not developmentally appropriate. Choice D is incorrect as it falsely blames the family for disrupting the child's sleep patterns, whereas the scenario described indicates positive neurological growth.
2. A patient is 1 hour postoperative following an open reduction internal fixation of the left tibia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Assess neurovascular status of the extremities every 4 hours
- B. Monitor the patient's pain level every 8 hours
- C. Assist the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours
- D. Keep the patient's left leg elevated on two pillows
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take 1 hour postoperative following an open reduction internal fixation of the left tibia is to assess neurovascular status of the extremities every 4 hours. This frequent assessment is crucial to monitor for any signs of complications such as impaired circulation or nerve damage. Monitoring every 4 hours allows for early detection of any issues, enabling timely intervention and prevention of potential complications. Monitoring the patient's pain level every 8 hours (choice B) is not as immediate or essential for postoperative care. Assisting the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours (choice C) may not be necessary if the patient is not ambulatory yet. Keeping the patient's left leg elevated on two pillows (choice D) can be beneficial but is not the priority in the immediate postoperative period compared to assessing neurovascular status.
3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should give your child his salmeterol inhaler every 4 hours when he is having an acute episode of wheezing.
- B. You should monitor your child's weight weekly while he is receiving inhaled corticosteroid therapy.
- C. Pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12 to 24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy.
- D. When using the peak expiratory flow meter, record your child's average of three readings.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform the parent that the child will need pulmonary function tests every 12 to 24 months to assess lung function and response to treatment. These tests help evaluate the presence of lung disease, monitor disease progression, and assess the effectiveness of the current therapeutic regimen in managing asthma. Choice A is incorrect as salmeterol is not used for acute wheezing episodes but rather for long-term maintenance. Choice B is incorrect because weight monitoring is not directly related to inhaled corticosteroid therapy for asthma. Choice D is incorrect as peak expiratory flow meter readings should be recorded as instructed, not averaged.
4. The patient taking spironolactone (Aldactone) makes a statement indicating effective teaching. Which statement shows understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will use salt substitutes to lower my sodium intake
- B. I will increase my intake of foods that are high in potassium
- C. I will call my doctor if I begin having menstrual irregularities
- D. I will take this medication at bedtime each evening
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause endocrine effects like menstrual irregularities. Therefore, the patient recognizing the need to report such changes indicates effective teaching. Choices A and B are incorrect as salt substitutes and high-potassium foods should be avoided with spironolactone. Choice D is also incorrect because diuretics, including spironolactone, are ideally taken in the morning to prevent disturbances in sleep due to nocturia.
5. Which statement is true regarding playful children?
- A. They exhibit flexible problem-solving.
- B. They have low intelligence scores.
- C. They need clear rules and directions to succeed.
- D. They do not perform well in school.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement is that playful children exhibit flexible problem-solving. Playful children often engage in creative and imaginative thinking, allowing them to approach problems in unique ways. This fosters better problem-solving abilities compared to those who may be more rigid in their thinking. Choice B is incorrect as there is no direct correlation between being playful and having low intelligence scores. Choice C is incorrect as playful children may thrive in environments that encourage creativity rather than rigid rules. Choice D is incorrect as being playful does not necessarily equate to poor academic performance.
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