ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology
1. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Simvastatin, which instruction should be included?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. Take this medication in the morning.
- D. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for Simvastatin is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of Simvastatin, leading to increased blood levels of the drug and a higher risk of adverse effects such as muscle pain and liver damage. It is important to educate the client about this potential interaction to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking Simvastatin with food or in the morning and increasing potassium-rich foods intake are not specifically related to the safe use of Simvastatin. Avoiding grapefruit juice is crucial to prevent drug interactions.
2. A client has a new prescription for Oxycodone/Acetaminophen. Which of the following instructions should be included in the discharge teaching?
- A. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Avoid taking additional Acetaminophen while on this medication.
- C. Increase your intake of fiber while on this medication.
- D. Avoid taking the medication before bedtime.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to avoid taking additional Acetaminophen while on Oxycodone/Acetaminophen. This is important to prevent exceeding the maximum recommended dose and reducing the risk of liver toxicity. Oxycodone/Acetaminophen already contains Acetaminophen, so additional intake can lead to an overdose of this component. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking the medication on an empty stomach or increasing fiber intake are not specific instructions related to this medication. Avoiding taking the medication before bedtime is not directly relevant to the combination of Oxycodone/Acetaminophen.
3. A client has a new prescription for Ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take this medication with milk.
- B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take this medication before bedtime.
- D. Take this medication with antacids.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Take this medication on an empty stomach.' Ferrous sulfate is best absorbed on an empty stomach. Instruct the client to take it 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals to maximize absorption and avoid interactions with food or beverages that may decrease absorption. Choice A is incorrect because taking Ferrous sulfate with milk can decrease its absorption. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific benefit to taking it before bedtime. Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with the absorption of Ferrous sulfate.
4. When starting therapy with trastuzumab, which finding should the nurse instruct the client to report?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Constipation
- C. Tinnitus
- D. Dry mouth
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyspnea. Dyspnea can indicate pulmonary toxicity, a severe adverse effect of trastuzumab. It is crucial for the client to report any breathing difficulties promptly to ensure timely intervention and prevent further complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because constipation, tinnitus, and dry mouth are not commonly associated with trastuzumab therapy and are not indicative of serious adverse effects that require immediate attention.
5. When administering Amitriptyline to a client experiencing cancer pain, for which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
- A. Decreased appetite
- B. Explosive diarrhea
- C. Decreased pulse rate
- D. Orthostatic hypotension
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Orthostatic hypotension.' When administering Amitriptyline, the nurse should monitor for orthostatic hypotension. This condition can occur due to the drug's anticholinergic effects, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up. Symptoms may include dizziness, lightheadedness, and an increased risk of falls. Monitoring for signs of orthostatic hypotension is crucial to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as decreased appetite, explosive diarrhea, and decreased pulse rate are not typically associated with the administration of Amitriptyline.
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