ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
1. A client has a new prescription for Labetalol. Which of the following instructions should be provided?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Monitor your blood glucose levels.
- C. Expect a rapid heart rate.
- D. Increase your intake of high-sodium foods.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take the medication with food. Labetalol should be taken with food to increase absorption and reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension. Taking it with food helps in better absorption and minimizes the potential drop in blood pressure when standing up, which can occur with this medication. Choice B is incorrect as Labetalol is not primarily associated with affecting blood glucose levels. Choice C is incorrect as Labetalol is a beta-blocker that would actually lower heart rate, not increase it. Choice D is incorrect because increasing intake of high-sodium foods could counteract the antihypertensive effects of Labetalol.
2. A client has a prescription for Prednisone for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will increase my intake of potassium-rich foods.
- B. I should take my medication with food.
- C. I will decrease my intake of calcium-rich foods.
- D. I should avoid eating grapefruit while taking this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Prednisone can cause hypokalemia, leading to low potassium levels. Increasing the intake of potassium-rich foods helps prevent this imbalance. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because taking Prednisone with food, decreasing calcium-rich foods, or avoiding grapefruit are not specifically related to addressing the side effect of hypokalemia associated with Prednisone.
3. A client has a prescription for digoxin. The client should be monitored for which of the following findings as an indication of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Visual disturbances
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Visual disturbances, such as yellow-tinged vision or seeing halos around lights, are common signs of digoxin toxicity. These symptoms should be reported immediately to healthcare providers for further evaluation and management. Tachycardia (Choice B) is not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite (Choice C) and constipation (Choice D) are not common manifestations of digoxin toxicity. Therefore, the correct answer is visual disturbances.
4. A client has a new prescription for Dabigatran. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Store the capsules in a pill organizer.
- C. Crush the medication before swallowing.
- D. Expect frequent headaches while taking this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Take the medication with food.' Taking Dabigatran with food is recommended to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort, a common side effect associated with this medication. Food can help minimize stomach irritation and improve tolerability. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Storing the capsules in a pill organizer (B) is a good practice for organization but not a specific instruction for this medication. Crushing the medication before swallowing (C) is not recommended for Dabigatran as it is available as a capsule and should be swallowed whole. Expecting frequent headaches while taking this medication (D) is not a common side effect of Dabigatran and should not be anticipated.
5. A client has a new prescription for Nevirapine, an NNRTI. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in discharge teaching?
- A. Take this medication with food to increase absorption.
- B. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
- C. Take this medication at the same time every day.
- D. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement to include in discharge teaching about Nevirapine, an NNRTI, is to advise the client to avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Alcohol can interact with Nevirapine and lead to potential adverse effects or decreased effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because Nevirapine should be taken without food or on an empty stomach for optimal absorption. Choice C is a general recommendation for most medications but not specifically for Nevirapine. Choice D is incorrect as Nevirapine should not be taken on an empty stomach.
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