Nursing Elites

1. The yolk sac __________.

• A. forms during the third trimester of pregnancy
• B. is the outer ring of cells that surrounds the blastocyst Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 3 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
• C. produces blood cells until the organs are mature enough to take over this function
• D. contains one large vein that delivers blood loaded with nutrients and two arteries that remove waste Answer: C Page Ref: 77 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Prenatal Development Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The yolk sac is an extraembryonic membrane that plays a significant role in the early development of the embryo. One of its functions is to produce blood cells until the organs are mature enough to take over this function. This process occurs during the early stages of prenatal development to support the growing embryo before it can sustain itself independently.

2. Fetal monitoring is __________.

• A. rarely used in U.S. hospitals
• B. linked with low birth weight
• C. linked with a decreased rate of cesarean deliveries
• D. required in most U.S. hospitals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fetal monitoring is required in most U.S. hospitals during labor and delivery to track the baby's heart rate and the mother's contractions. This helps healthcare providers to assess the well-being of the fetus and make timely decisions regarding the need for interventions if any complications arise. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because fetal monitoring is a standard procedure in most hospitals to ensure the safety and health of both the mother and the baby during labor.

3. What is largely responsible for the worldwide rise in cesarean deliveries?

• A. Use of natural or prepared childbirth
• B. Use of a doula
• C. Medical control over childbirth
• D. Apgar testing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Medical control over childbirth is largely responsible for the worldwide rise in cesarean deliveries. Cesarean deliveries are often performed due to various medical interventions such as monitoring the progress of labor, fetal distress, and other complications that may arise during childbirth. The increasing use of medical interventions and technology has contributed to the higher rate of cesarean deliveries globally. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly involve the decision-making and interventions typically carried out by medical professionals during childbirth, which are major factors leading to the rise in cesarean deliveries.

4. A major limitation of systematic observation is that it __________.

• A. provides little information on how participants actually behave
• B. tells investigators little about the reasoning behind responses and behaviors
• C. underestimates the capacities of individuals who have difficulty putting their thoughts into words
• D. ignores participants with poor memories, who may have trouble recalling exactly what happened

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A major limitation of systematic observation is that it tells investigators little about the reasoning behind responses and behaviors. Systematic observation focuses more on recording observable behaviors rather than delving into the underlying reasons or thought processes driving those behaviors. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because systematic observation can indeed provide detailed information on how participants actually behave, it doesn't necessarily underestimate the capacities of individuals who struggle with verbal expression, and it doesn't solely ignore participants with poor memories as it can capture behavior in real-time regardless of memory recall.

5. Taking tests and answering questionnaires are examples of __________.

• A. research designs
• B. theories
• C. hypotheses
• D. research methods

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Taking tests and answering questionnaires are examples of research methods. Research methods refer to the specific approaches used in conducting research, such as collecting data, analyzing information, and drawing conclusions. In this case, tests and questionnaires are tools used to gather information and data for research purposes, making them examples of research methods. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because research designs refer to the overall structure and plan of a study, theories are explanations developed through research and observation, and hypotheses are specific predictions or statements that can be tested through research.

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