a nurse is assessing a client who has malnutrition which of the following findings should the nurse expect

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition

1. A nurse is assessing a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A. Increased vital capacity
B. Dry skin
C. Heat intolerance
D. Decreased mental status

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Malnutrition can lead to a variety of physical and mental symptoms. One common manifestation of malnutrition is a decreased mental status, which includes confusion, lethargy, and cognitive impairment. Dry skin is a typical finding in malnutrition due to the lack of essential nutrients needed for skin health. Heat intolerance is not a direct consequence of malnutrition. While malnutrition can affect respiratory function, it typically leads to decreased vital capacity rather than increased. Therefore, the correct answer is decreased mental status.

2. Monosaccharides are converted into glucose in the liver to provide an energy supply to the cells.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. The first statement is true; the second is false
D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Monosaccharides are indeed converted into glucose in the liver. Glucose, in turn, serves as a primary energy source for cells in the body, providing the necessary fuel for various cellular functions. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting monosaccharides into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because both statements are accurate in this context.

3. The dietary guidelines for Americans recommend consuming:

A. nutrient dense foods
B. non-essential amino acids
C. energy dense foods
D. organically grown foods

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The guidelines emphasize nutrient-dense foods that provide essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients without excessive calories, sugars, or unhealthy fats.

4. In conducting a cleansing enema, how does the nurse position the client?

A. Right lateral position
B. Left lateral position
C. Right Sim's position
D. Left Sim's position

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In preparing a patient for a cleansing enema, the nurse typically positions the patient in the left lateral position. This position allows for the best flow of the solution due to the anatomical configuration of the colon. The right lateral position, right Sim's position, and left Sim's position are not typically used for this procedure. The rationale provided initially is incorrect as it pertains to lung expansion and postural drainage, which are not relevant to a cleansing enema procedure.

5. The following are all classes of nutrients except:

A. protein
B. fat
C. carbs
D. phytochemicals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Phytochemicals are not considered a class of nutrients. While proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are essential macronutrients providing energy and structural support, phytochemicals are non-nutrient compounds found in plants that offer various health benefits but are not essential for sustaining life like the other three choices. Therefore, the correct answer is D.