a nurse is assessing a client who has malnutrition which of the following findings should the nurse expect
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1. A nurse is assessing a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Malnutrition can lead to a variety of physical and mental symptoms. One common manifestation of malnutrition is a decreased mental status, which includes confusion, lethargy, and cognitive impairment. Dry skin is a typical finding in malnutrition due to the lack of essential nutrients needed for skin health. Heat intolerance is not a direct consequence of malnutrition. While malnutrition can affect respiratory function, it typically leads to decreased vital capacity rather than increased. Therefore, the correct answer is decreased mental status.

2. Diet therapy for Rudy, who has acute renal failure is low-protein, low potassium and low sodium. The nutrition instructions should include:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. What is the digestive action of lipase?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lipase is an enzyme that specifically breaks down lipids (fats) during the process of digestion, converting them into fatty acids and glycerol. This is why option C is the correct answer. Although option D is partially correct, it's less specific than option C. Lipase does not break down carbohydrates or proteins, so options A and B are incorrect.

4. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of adult athletes about preventing the effects of dehydration on the body. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Dehydration can lead to impaired motor control due to electrolyte imbalances affecting muscle function. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Dehydration typically causes an increase in body temperature during exercise, not a drop. Dehydration is more likely to suppress appetite, leading to a decrease rather than an increase in appetite. Also, dehydration often results in an increased heart rate rather than a decreased resting heart rate.

5. A client who has chronic lymphocytic leukemia is starting chemotherapy treatments and asks if she needs to make any dietary changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During chemotherapy treatments for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, raw fruits and vegetables are recommended as they are easier for the body to digest. This choice provides essential nutrients and is gentle on the digestive system. Option A is incorrect because staying hydrated is crucial during chemotherapy. Option B is incorrect as low-calorie foods may not provide sufficient energy during treatment. Option C is incorrect because high-fat foods are not typically recommended due to potential digestive issues.

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