how does genetic predisposition influence mental health

ATI RN

Psychology 101 Exam 3 Test

1. How does genetic predisposition influence mental health?

A. Genetic predisposition guarantees the development of mental disorders.
B. Genetic predisposition plays a role but is not the sole determinant of mental health.
C. Genetic predisposition does not influence mental health.
D. Genetic predisposition determines mental health without exception.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Genetic predisposition indeed plays a significant role in influencing mental health by increasing the risk of developing certain disorders. However, it is crucial to note that it is not the sole determinant. Mental health is also influenced by various environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and individual experiences. Option A is incorrect because genetic predisposition does not guarantee the development of mental disorders; it only predisposes individuals to a higher risk. Option C is incorrect as genetic predisposition does have an influence on mental health. Option D is incorrect because mental health is a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and other factors.

2. Which of the following is a common criticism against Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

A. The sequence of stages is not fixed.
B. Research has not supported the existence of the preoperational stage.
C. Piaget put a heavy emphasis on the environment, ignoring the importance of mental processes.
D. Children develop abilities earlier than Piaget theorized.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because one common criticism of Piaget's theory is that children often acquire cognitive abilities earlier than Piaget proposed. This criticism suggests that Piaget's stages might not be as fixed or rigid as he believed. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A is a characteristic of Piaget's theory; B is not a common criticism, as research generally supports the existence of Piaget's stages; and C is inaccurate, as Piaget actually emphasized the importance of mental processes in cognitive development.

3. How do neurotransmitters affect behavior and mental processes?

A. Neurotransmitters have little effect on behavior.
B. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that influence mood, thought, and behavior.
C. Neurotransmitters have a minor role in mental health.
D. Neurotransmitters determine intelligence levels.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Neurotransmitters are chemicals that influence mood, thought, and behavior, playing a significant role in mental health. Choice A is incorrect as neurotransmitters do have a notable effect on behavior. Choice C is incorrect as neurotransmitters have a major role in mental health. Choice D is incorrect as neurotransmitters do not solely determine intelligence levels.

4. What role does brain development play in psychopathology?

A. Brain development has no impact on psychopathology.
B. Brain development plays a crucial role in the onset of many mental disorders.
C. Brain development is only linked to physical disabilities, not mental disorders.
D. Brain development is not associated with mental health.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Brain development plays a crucial role in the onset of many mental disorders. It affects how the brain processes information and responds to stress, influencing the development of psychopathology. Choice A is incorrect as brain development does impact psychopathology. Choice C is incorrect as brain development is linked to mental disorders as well. Choice D is incorrect as brain development has implications for mental health.

5. Dr. Rice believes that it is not possible to fully understand emotions unless we understand the purpose that the conscious experiences associated with emotions play in survival and adaptation. Dr. Rice's views are most consistent with those of?

A. Edward Titchener.
B. Ivan Pavlov.
C. Carl Rogers.
D. William James.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dr. Rice's views align with William James, a functionalist, who emphasized understanding the role emotions play in survival and adaptation. William James and other functionalists believed that emotions have a purpose in helping individuals adapt to their environment. Edward Titchener, known for structuralism, focused on the structure of the mind rather than the purpose of emotions. Ivan Pavlov was a behaviorist known for his work on classical conditioning, which is not directly related to the purpose of emotions. Carl Rogers was a humanistic psychologist who emphasized self-actualization and personal growth, not specifically the purpose of emotions in survival and adaptation.