Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following actions would be of highest priority with regards to the external shunt?

• A. Avoid taking blood pressure or blood sample from the arm with the shunt
• B. Instruct the patient not to exercise the arm with the shunt
• C. Heparinize the shunt daily
• D. Change the dressing of the shunt daily

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Heparinizing the shunt daily (choice C) is the highest priority action as it prevents the formation of blood clots that can occlude the shunt, leading to potential complications such as thrombosis. Avoiding taking blood pressure or blood samples from the arm with the shunt (choice A) is also important, but secondary to heparinizing the shunt. Similarly, instructing the patient not to exercise the arm with the shunt (choice B) can help prevent unnecessary strain on the shunt, but it is not as critical as preventing clot formation. Changing the dressing of the shunt daily (choice D) is a standard nursing care practice to prevent infection, but again, it is not as critical as ensuring the shunt remains patent through daily heparinization.

2. Which lipid contains 3 fatty acids?

• A. cholesterol
• B. phospholipid
• C. saturated
• D. triglyceride

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D. triglyceride.' Triglycerides are composed of one glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, making them the primary form of stored fat in the body. Cholesterol (A) is a different type of lipid, phospholipids (B) have two fatty acids, and 'saturated' (C) refers to the structure of fatty acids, not a specific lipid containing 3 fatty acids.

3. Membership dropout generally occurs in group therapy after a member:

• A. Accomplishes his goal in joining the group
• B. Discovers that his feelings are shared by the group members
• C. Experiences feelings of frustration in the group
• D. Discusses personal concerns with group members

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. A nurse is teaching an in-service about manifestations of hypoglycemia to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Blurred vision
• B. Vomiting
• C. Kussmaul respirations
• D. Bradycardia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Blurred vision is a common symptom of hypoglycemia and should be included in the teaching. Other manifestations like vomiting, Kussmaul respirations, and bradycardia are not typically associated with hypoglycemia. Vomiting is more commonly seen in conditions like food poisoning or gastrointestinal issues. Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid respirations seen in metabolic acidosis, not hypoglycemia. Bradycardia is usually not a manifestation of hypoglycemia; tachycardia is more commonly associated with low blood sugar levels.

5. Match protease with its digestive action:

• A. breaks down carbs
• B. breaks down proteins
• C. breaks down lipids
• D. helps fat digestion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids.

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