Nursing Elites

1. As Leda’s nurse, you plan to set up an emergency equipment at her beside following thyroidectomy. You should include:

• A. An airway and rebreathing tube
• B. A tracheostomy set and oxygen
• C. A crush cart with bed board
• D. Two ampules of sodium bicarbonate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. Membership dropout generally occurs in group therapy after a member:

• A. Accomplishes his goal in joining the group
• B. Discovers that his feelings are shared by the group members
• C. Experiences feelings of frustration in the group
• D. Discusses personal concerns with group members

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. A patient who reports stomach ulcers should avoid all the following foods, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Proteins
• B. Caffeine
• C. Calcium
• D. Wheat

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with stomach ulcers are advised to avoid foods that can increase stomach acid levels, such as caffeine, proteins, and calcium. Wheat, on the other hand, is generally well-tolerated by individuals with ulcers as it does not stimulate gastric secretions. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A (Proteins), B (Caffeine), and C (Calcium) are not recommended for patients with stomach ulcers due to their potential to exacerbate symptoms.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following lab values indicates the treatment is effective?

• A. Hct 43%
• B. WBC 8,000/uL
• C. Albumin 4.2 g/dL
• D. Calcium 9.4 mg/dL

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Albumin 4.2 g/dL. Albumin is a protein produced by the liver and is a key indicator of nutritional status. In a client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an increase in albumin level indicates that the treatment is effective in providing adequate nutrition support. Hct (hematocrit), WBC (white blood cell count), and calcium levels are not direct indicators of the effectiveness of TPN in this context.

5. What does oliguria lead to in patients with acute kidney injury?

• A. Hypophosphatemia and overgrowth of bone tissue
• B. An increase in blood potassium levels due to excessive excretion of parathyroid hormone
• C. Sodium retention and elevated levels of potassium
• D. Edema due to increased urine production

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In patients with acute kidney injury, oliguria (reduced urine output) often results in sodium retention and hyperkalemia (elevated levels of potassium). This is due to the kidneys' decreased capacity to excrete these substances. Choice A is incorrect because hypophosphatemia and overgrowth of bone tissue are not direct consequences of oliguria in acute kidney injury. Choice B is incorrect because an increase in blood potassium levels is not caused by excessive excretion of parathyroid hormone but rather by decreased excretion of potassium. Choice D is incorrect because edema is not caused by increased urine production but rather by fluid overload due to decreased urine output.

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