which systemic disease is best controlled with the dash diet monitoring blood pressure limiting sodium alcohol and caffeine reducing stress and losing

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. Which systemic disease is best controlled with the DASH diet, monitoring blood pressure, limiting sodium, alcohol, and caffeine, reducing stress, and losing weight?

A. Hypertension
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Parkinson's disease
D. Anemia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. The DASH diet is specifically designed to control hypertension by reducing sodium intake, managing blood pressure, and promoting overall cardiovascular health. Choice B, Diabetes mellitus, is managed through monitoring blood sugar levels and a balanced diet rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Choice C, Parkinson's disease, is a neurological disorder that is not primarily managed through diet modifications. Choice D, Anemia, is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells and is typically managed by addressing the underlying cause and sometimes iron supplementation, not by the methods mentioned in the question.

2. Which enzyme initiates protein digestion in the stomach?

A. Pepsin
B. Salivary Amylase
C. CCK
D. Secretin

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Pepsin is the enzyme that initiates protein digestion in the stomach. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides, aiding in their further digestion and absorption in the intestines. Salivary Amylase (Choice B) functions in breaking down dietary carbohydrates in the mouth, not proteins. CCK (Choice C) and Secretin (Choice D) are hormones involved in the digestion of fats and carbohydrates, not proteins. Therefore, Choices B, C, and D are incorrect in the context of protein digestion in the stomach.

3. What best describes a task of the registered dietitian?

A. administering total parenteral nutrition
B. administering formula through feeding tubes
C. prescribing diet orders
D. conducting nutrition assessments

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, conducting nutrition assessments. Registered dietitians are responsible for assessing an individual's nutritional status, dietary intake, and health needs. This assessment forms the basis for developing personalized nutrition care plans. Choices A and B involve the administration of specialized nutrition support, which is typically done by healthcare providers with specific training in those areas. Choice C, prescribing diet orders, may fall outside the scope of practice for a dietitian as they focus more on assessment, education, and counseling related to nutrition rather than prescribing medical treatments.

4. The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with major depression is:

A. Altered nutrition
B. Altered thought process
C. Self care deficit
D. Risk for injury

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Each is a portion of the alimentary canal, except one. Which is the exception?

A. Oral cavity
B. Pharynx
C. Larynx
D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Larynx. The larynx is part of the respiratory system, responsible for voice production and breathing. The alimentary canal is involved in the digestive process and includes structures like the oral cavity (mouth), pharynx, and esophagus. Choices A, B, and D are parts of the alimentary canal, where digestion occurs, making them incorrect answers.