Nursing Elites

1. Which statement about the Nurse-Family Partnership is true?

• A. It is an international program to reduce the risk of teratogens.
• B. One of its goals is to promote competent early caregiving.
• C. It is a series of childbirth classes offered at many U.S. hospitals.
• D. It provides family planning and genetic counseling to couples.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The statement that is true about the Nurse-Family Partnership is that one of its goals is to promote competent early caregiving. The program provides support and guidance to first-time mothers to help them develop their caregiving skills and promote healthy child development. Choice A is incorrect because the program focuses on promoting healthy child development and supporting mothers, not specifically reducing the risk of teratogens. Choice C is incorrect because the Nurse-Family Partnership is not a series of childbirth classes but a program that involves home visits and support. Choice D is incorrect because the program's main focus is on supporting mothers in caregiving and child development, not primarily on family planning and genetic counseling.

2. Babies who spend more time alert are likely to have __________.

• A. parents who feel incompetent
• B. a slight advantage in mental development
• C. a big disadvantage in social development
• D. parents who must exert great effort to soothe them

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Babies who spend more time alert are likely to have a slight advantage in mental development. Being alert allows babies to engage with their surroundings, explore, and learn, which can contribute to their cognitive development. This is different from social development, which is more related to interactions with others, and not necessarily impacted by the amount of alertness a baby displays. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because there is no direct correlation between a baby's alertness and their parents' feelings of incompetence, a big disadvantage in social development, or the effort parents need to soothe them.

3. During pregnancy, the placenta __________.

• A. forms in the second trimester of pregnancy
• B. encloses the developing organism in amniotic fluid
• C. contains one large vein that delivers nutrients to the embryo
• D. delivers food and oxygen to the developing organism

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The placenta delivers food and oxygen to the developing organism during pregnancy. It is a temporary organ that forms in the first trimester of pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect as the placenta forms in the first trimester, not the second trimester. Choice B is incorrect as the amniotic sac, not the placenta, encloses the developing organism in amniotic fluid. Choice C is incorrect as the placenta contains blood vessels (arteries and veins) that deliver nutrients to the embryo, not just one large vein.

4. Mounting evidence suggests that __________ is a major contributor to SIDS.

• A. impaired brain functioning
• B. higher-than-average birth weight
• C. organized and patterned sleep behavior
• D. a family history of chromosomal abnormalities

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Impaired brain functioning is a major contributor to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Research has shown that abnormalities in the brainstem, which controls automatic functions like breathing and heart rate, can play a role in SIDS cases. As such, mounting evidence suggests that compromised brain functioning is a significant factor in the occurrence of SIDS. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Higher-than-average birth weight, organized and patterned sleep behavior, and a family history of chromosomal abnormalities are not identified as major contributors to SIDS according to the provided information.

5. Fraternal twins are ____________.

• A. genetically identical
• B. no more alike than ordinary siblings
• C. less common than other types of multiple offspring
• D. less likely with each additional birth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Fraternal twins are no more alike than ordinary siblings because they share about 50% of their genes, just like other siblings. Choice A is incorrect as fraternal twins are not genetically identical. Choice C is incorrect as fraternal twins are actually the most common type of multiple offspring. Choice D is incorrect as the likelihood of fraternal twins is not affected by the number of births a mother has had.

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