which is not a characteristic or function of lipids

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. Which is NOT a characteristic or function of lipids?

A. Involved in energy metabolism and storage
B. Provide insulation and protection
C. Act as hormones that regulate the body
D. Are hydrophilic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are known for several functions including involvement in energy metabolism and storage (Choice A), providing insulation and protection (Choice B), and acting as hormones that regulate the body (Choice C). However, lipids are not hydrophilic (water-attracting), contrary to choice D. They are actually hydrophobic, meaning they repel water and do not mix well with it. This is a key property that differentiates them from many other biological molecules.

2. Each of the following nutrients provides energy except one. Which one is the exception?

A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Fats
D. Vitamins

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vitamins. While proteins, carbohydrates, and fats provide energy, vitamins do not. Vitamins are essential micronutrients that help regulate various biochemical processes in the body, such as metabolism and immunity. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because proteins, carbohydrates, and fats are macronutrients that the body uses as a source of energy.

3. Causes of acute renal failure include:

A. chronic renal failure
B. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
C. recurrent urinary tract infections
D. severe injury such as extensive burns

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Severe injuries, like extensive burns, can cause acute renal failure due to shock, reduced blood flow to the kidneys, and tissue damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chronic renal failure, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and recurrent urinary tract infections are more likely to contribute to chronic kidney disease rather than acute renal failure.

4. Medications that reduce stomach acidity can impair the absorption of _____.

A. calcium
B. iron
C. vitamin D
D. vitamin C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Reduced stomach acidity impairs the absorption of iron, as an acidic environment is necessary for optimal iron absorption in the stomach. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as medications that reduce stomach acidity typically do not significantly affect the absorption of calcium, vitamin D, or vitamin C.