which clean catch urinalysis finding should the nurse be most concerned for a child who is admitted to an urgent care center to rule out a urinary tra
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023

1. Which clean-catch urinalysis finding should raise the most concern for a child admitted to an urgent care center to rule out a urinary tract infection?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A specific gravity of 1.009 is low, indicating diluted urine, which can be concerning in the context of a urinary tract infection. Diluted urine may suggest inadequate concentration due to increased fluid intake or impaired kidney function, which are important considerations in the assessment of a possible UTI.

2. The patient taking spironolactone (Aldactone) makes a statement indicating effective teaching. Which statement shows understanding of the teaching?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause endocrine effects like menstrual irregularities. Therefore, the patient recognizing the need to report such changes indicates effective teaching. Choices A and B are incorrect as salt substitutes and high-potassium foods should be avoided with spironolactone. Choice D is also incorrect because diuretics, including spironolactone, are ideally taken in the morning to prevent disturbances in sleep due to nocturia.

3. Which statement fosters cultural competence?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cultural competence involves recognizing and considering the impact of cultural beliefs on individuals. By acknowledging and responding to these cultural influences in the intervention plan, professionals can tailor their approach effectively and respectfully. This approach helps build trust, enhances communication, and improves outcomes in culturally diverse settings.

4. A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The signs and symptoms of dysuria and urgency in a child with daytime enuresis typically indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI). These symptoms, along with urinary frequency and pain during urination, are common manifestations of a UTI in children. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than dysuria and urgency. Acute glomerulonephritis presents with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and oliguria, not dysuria and urgency. Vesicoureteral reflux can lead to recurrent UTIs but does not directly cause dysuria and urgency.

5. Parents are speaking with the urologist about their son's undescended testicle. Which statement by the child's father causes the nurse to determine he understands the information presented?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because an undescended testicle can reduce fertility. Even after surgical correction (orchiopexy), fertility rates may be reduced, especially when one testis remains undescended. The statement in choice B is incorrect as the testicle should have descended into the scrotum by the time the infant is 4-6 months old. While choice C is true that surgical correction can reduce the risk of testicular tumors, the question focuses on the father's understanding of the information presented, which is better reflected in choice A. Choice D is incorrect because the optimal time for surgical correction of an undescended testicle is typically around 6-18 months of age, not necessarily at the time of diagnosis.

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