Nursing Elites

1. A patient is prescribed Lisinopril as part of the treatment plan for heart failure. Which finding indicates the patient is experiencing the therapeutic effect of this drug?

• A. Weight gain of 5 pounds in 1 week
• B. Potassium level of 3.5mEq/L
• C. Crackles in the lungs are no longer heard
• D. Jugular vein distention

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, promotes venous dilation, which helps reduce pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema. The absence of previously heard crackles in the lungs indicates effectiveness in reducing pulmonary congestion. Edema and jugular vein distention are signs of heart failure and would not indicate the therapeutic effect of Lisinopril. A potassium level of 3.5mEq/L is within the normal range and not directly related to the therapeutic effect of Lisinopril.

2. When educating a patient about sildenafil (Viagra), which adverse effect should be a priority for the patient to report to his prescriber?

• A. Flushing
• B. Diarrhea
• C. Hearing loss
• D. Dyspepsia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Hearing loss.' In rare cases, Viagra has been associated with sudden hearing loss, typically in one ear, which can be partial or complete. Any onset of hearing problems while using Viagra should be reported promptly to the prescriber. It is recommended to discontinue the medication if it is used for erectile dysfunction. 'Flushing,' 'Diarrhea,' and 'Dyspepsia' are known adverse effects of Viagra but are generally less serious compared to hearing loss.

3. Which question provides information regarding a child's community mobility?

• A. What is the level of supervision provided?
• B. Can the child leave the house and play with friends?
• C. Is the child being bullied?
• D. Is there equipment available so the child can play with peers?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B directly assesses the child's community mobility by inquiring about their ability to leave the house and engage in play activities with friends. Community mobility involves the child's independence in social and recreational activities outside the home, making this question crucial for understanding their daily functioning and autonomy.

4. Why should a healthcare professional take time to get to know the things a family does together, their weekly routine, and an explanation of family dynamics?

• A. Involvement in the family is central to best practice
• B. It is not necessary, but it is beneficial
• C. To gather demographic information for documentation purposes
• D. To assess if they have values that align with the practitioner's

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Understanding the activities, routines, and dynamics of a family is crucial for a healthcare professional to provide holistic care. By gaining insight into the family's lifestyle and relationships, the professional can tailor interventions that are better integrated into the family's daily life, fostering more effective therapy outcomes and enhancing the overall quality of care provided. Choice A is the correct answer because involvement in the family is indeed central to best practice in healthcare. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because simply gathering demographic information, assessing values alignment, or considering it as optional fails to recognize the importance of understanding the family dynamics for effective care delivery.

5. When teaching an adolescent about managing tinea pedis, which statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I should buy some plastic shoes to wear at the swimming pool
• B. I should wear sandals as much as possible
• C. I should place the permethrin cream between my toes twice daily
• D. I should seal my non-washable shoes in plastic bags for a couple of weeks

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Wearing sandals allows air circulation around the feet, reducing perspiration and eliminating the environment for bacteria and fungus to thrive. This promotes the healing of the fungal infection. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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