Nursing Elites

1. A patient is prescribed Lisinopril as part of the treatment plan for heart failure. Which finding indicates the patient is experiencing the therapeutic effect of this drug?

• A. Weight gain of 5 pounds in 1 week
• B. Potassium level of 3.5mEq/L
• C. Crackles in the lungs are no longer heard
• D. Jugular vein distention

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, promotes venous dilation, which helps reduce pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema. The absence of previously heard crackles in the lungs indicates effectiveness in reducing pulmonary congestion. Edema and jugular vein distention are signs of heart failure and would not indicate the therapeutic effect of Lisinopril. A potassium level of 3.5mEq/L is within the normal range and not directly related to the therapeutic effect of Lisinopril.

2. A parent of a child with cystic fibrosis is being taught about dietary guidelines. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. My child should eat a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
• B. My child should avoid eating eggs.
• C. My child should follow a low-fat, low-sodium diet.
• D. My child should follow a high-fiber, high-protein diet.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. For a child with cystic fibrosis, a high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to meet the increased metabolic needs associated with the condition. The protein helps with growth and repair, while the extra calories help compensate for malabsorption and increased energy requirements. Choice B is incorrect because eggs are a good source of protein and essential nutrients unless the child has a specific allergy. Choice C is incorrect as a low-fat, low-sodium diet is not typically recommended for children with cystic fibrosis who need higher calorie and fat intake. Choice D is incorrect because while a high-protein diet is beneficial, a high-fiber diet may not be suitable for a child with cystic fibrosis due to potential gastrointestinal issues.

3. A child is being assessed for Kawasaki disease. Which of the following findings should be expected?

• A. Decreased heart rate
• B. Dry, scaly skin
• C. Fever unresponsive to antipyretics
• D. Nontender cervical lymphadenopathy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Kawasaki disease, a child typically presents with a fever that is unresponsive to antipyretics because the disease is characterized by systemic inflammation. The persistent fever is a hallmark feature of the disease and can last for more than five days despite treatment with antipyretics.

4. A nurse is planning care for a 2-month-old infant who is postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Position the infant on his abdomen
• B. Cleanse the incision site with hydrogen peroxide
• C. Offer the infant a pacifier
• D. Keep the infant's elbow restrained

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The nurse should keep the infant�s elbow restrained to prevent injury to the surgical site.

5. When teaching a parent of a 2-month-old infant with acute gastroenteritis who is bottle feeding, which of the following statements should the nurse include?

• A. Offer Pedialyte between formula feedings.
• B. Feed the infant every 6 hours.
• C. Give diluted apple juice if the infant becomes dehydrated.
• D. Switch to soy-based formula permanently.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the case of acute gastroenteritis in a 2-month-old infant who is bottle feeding, the nurse should recommend offering Pedialyte between formula feedings. This helps prevent dehydration and ensures that the infant receives essential electrolytes and fluids to aid in recovery. Pedialyte is specifically formulated to help replace lost fluids and electrolytes due to vomiting and diarrhea, making it a suitable choice for infants with gastroenteritis. Choice B is incorrect because infants with acute gastroenteritis should be fed more frequently to prevent dehydration. Choice C is incorrect as apple juice is not recommended for infants with gastroenteritis; Pedialyte or oral rehydration solutions are preferred. Choice D is incorrect because switching to soy-based formula permanently is not necessary for managing acute gastroenteritis; Pedialyte and continuing with the current formula are more appropriate.

Similar Questions