ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. Which is the appropriate intervention when providing care to a child diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, who is edematous and on bed rest?
- A. Monitor blood pressure every 30 minutes.
- B. Reposition every 2 hours.
- C. Limit visitors.
- D. Encourage fluids.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Repositioning every 2 hours is crucial in preventing skin breakdown in an edematous child on bed rest. This intervention helps redistribute pressure and maintain skin integrity, reducing the risk of pressure ulcers. It is an essential part of care for patients with limited mobility to ensure their comfort and prevent complications related to immobility.
2. The healthcare provider is assessing an infant brought to the clinic due to diarrhea. The infant is alert but has dry mucous membranes. Which additional assessment data indicates to the healthcare provider that the infant is experiencing an early to moderate stage of dehydration?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Increased blood pressure
- D. Normal fontanels
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tachycardia is a common early sign of dehydration in infants, especially when presenting with dry mucous membranes and diarrhea. The increased heart rate is the body's compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output in response to dehydration. Bradycardia, increased blood pressure, and normal fontanels are not typically associated with early to moderate dehydration in infants.
3. A toddler in the emergency department has partial thickness burns on his right arm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Insert a nasogastric tube
- B. Initiate prophylactic antibiotic therapy
- C. Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water
- D. Apply a topical corticosteroid to the affected area
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a toddler has partial thickness burns, the nurse should cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water. This action helps remove any loose tissue that could lead to infection and prepares the area for appropriate wound care. Inserting a nasogastric tube (Choice A) is not indicated for a toddler with burns. Initiating prophylactic antibiotic therapy (Choice B) is not necessary for partial thickness burns unless there are signs of infection. Applying a topical corticosteroid (Choice D) is not recommended for initial management of burns as it can delay wound healing.
4. In an immunization clinic, which patient will the nurse identify as not eligible to receive routine immunizations?
- A. An 8-year-old experiencing diarrhea
- B. A 2-year-old with a history of pre-term birth
- C. A 4-year-old with a fever and upper respiratory tract infection
- D. A 6-year-old who has been recently exposed to a classmate with chickenpox
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should identify the 4-year-old with a fever and upper respiratory tract infection as not eligible to receive routine immunizations. It is contraindicated to administer vaccines in the presence of moderate to severe illness, whether with or without fever, to prevent potential complications or reduced vaccine efficacy.
5. A neonate with a meningomyelocele is scheduled for surgery in the morning. Which nursing action is appropriate for this neonate?
- A. Applying a diaper to prevent contamination of the sac
- B. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position
- C. Encouraging the mother to hold the newborn because she will not be able to pick him up after surgery
- D. Positioning the newborn in a prone position
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Positioning the newborn in a prone position is appropriate for a neonate with a meningomyelocele before surgery. Placing the newborn in this position helps prevent pressure on the sac, reducing the risk of damaging it and promoting optimal surgical outcomes. Applying a diaper (choice A) may not be recommended as it can increase pressure on the sac. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position (choice B) or encouraging the mother to hold the newborn (choice C) are not ideal actions before surgery as they do not address the specific needs of a neonate with a meningomyelocele.
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