Nursing Elites

1. Which cells in the islet of the pancreas are responsible for synthesizing insulin?

• A. Alpha cells
• B. Beta cells
• C. Gamma cells
• D. Delta cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are responsible for the production and secretion of insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. Alpha cells, on the other hand, produce glucagon, a hormone that raises blood glucose levels. Gamma cells and Delta cells do not exist in the islets of Langerhans; therefore, they are incorrect choices.

2. To prevent injury and strain on the muscles, the nurse should observe proper body mechanics. Among the following, which is a principle of proper body mechanics?

• A. Broaden the space between the feet
• B. Push instead of pull
• C. Move the object away from the body when lifting
• D. Bend at the waist, not on the knees

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. A healthcare professional is reviewing the lab findings of a client who has Clostridium Difficile. Which of the following findings should indicate to the healthcare professional that the client is experiencing Fluid Volume Deficit?

• A. Hct 53%
• B. Potassium 3.5
• C. Sodium 145
• D. HbA1c 5

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An elevated hematocrit level (Hct 53%) indicates hemoconcentration, a sign of fluid volume deficit. Hct measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood and increases when there is a decrease in plasma volume, as seen in fluid volume deficit. Choices B, C, and D do not directly relate to fluid volume status. Potassium and sodium levels are more indicative of electrolyte imbalances, while HbA1c reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specific to fluid volume status.

4. Which suggestion is most appropriate to increase calorie intake for a patient with stomach cancer, aiming to prevent weight loss and wasting?

• A. Replace whole fat milk with skim milk or water
• B. Avoid peanut butter and other nuts
• C. Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat
• D. Limit alcohol intake to two drinks per day

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat. High-fat meats are more calorie-dense than lean meats, which makes them a good choice for increasing calorie intake. This is crucial for patients with stomach cancer who want to avoid weight loss and wasting. Choice A is incorrect because skim milk or water contains fewer calories than whole fat milk. Choice B is also incorrect because peanut butter and nuts are high in calories and therefore should not be avoided when trying to increase calorie intake. Finally, choice D is not a good suggestion to increase calorie intake as alcohol does not provide the necessary nutrients needed for a balanced diet. In fact, excessive alcohol can harm the liver and other organs, and it's not a reliable source of calories.

5. Which of the following foods provides the most protein?

• A. Beans
• B. Red peppers
• C. Asparagus
• D. Celery

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Beans. Beans are known to be a good source of protein compared to the other options provided. While red peppers, asparagus, and celery are nutritious vegetables, they do not contain as much protein as beans do. Red peppers are high in vitamin C, asparagus is rich in vitamins and minerals, and celery is low in calories and a good source of fiber, but they are not significant sources of protein.

Similar Questions