Nursing Elites

1. The purpose of the health history is to identify health-related considerations and medications that may cause nutritional risk. Many medications, such as prednisone, have drug-nutrient interactions that can influence nutrient needs.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. The health history aims to uncover health-related factors that could pose nutritional risks, including medications like prednisone that may have interactions affecting nutrient requirements. Choice B is incorrect as both statements are accurate, emphasizing the significance of health history in assessing nutritional concerns.

2. A patient who is recovering from surgery should increase their intake of which nutrient to promote healing?

• A. Fats
• B. Carbohydrates
• C. Protein
• D. Fiber

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Protein is crucial for tissue repair and recovery after surgery. Proteins provide the building blocks necessary for tissue healing and regeneration. Fats are important for various bodily functions but are not as directly involved in tissue repair as proteins. Carbohydrates provide energy but do not play a primary role in tissue healing. Fiber is essential for digestive health but is not a nutrient that directly promotes tissue repair.

3. A nurse is caring for a client following an appendectomy. The nurse verifies the postoperative prescription which reads, 'Discontinue NPO status; advance diet as tolerated.' Which of the following are appropriate for the nurse to offer the client? (SATA)

• A. Wheat toast
• B. Applesauce
• C. Applesauce, Chicken broth
• D. Chicken broth

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Applesauce and chicken broth. After an appendectomy, patients are typically started on a clear liquid diet before advancing to more solid foods. Applesauce and chicken broth are part of a low-residue diet that is easily digestible and gentle on the digestive system, making them suitable choices for a client following surgery. Wheat toast may be too heavy and fibrous initially, while other solid foods should be introduced gradually to prevent gastrointestinal upset.

4. A client with cholecystitis is being taught about required dietary modifications. Which of the following foods is appropriate for the client's diet?

• A. Creamed chicken
• B. Roast turkey
• C. Ice cream
• D. Macaroni and cheese

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Roast turkey is the most appropriate choice for a client with cholecystitis. Foods that are high in fat content, like creamed chicken, ice cream, and macaroni and cheese, should be avoided in cholecystitis as they can exacerbate symptoms due to the reduced ability of the gallbladder to process fats. Roast turkey is a leaner option that is better tolerated by individuals with cholecystitis.

5. While the client has a pulse oximeter on his fingertip, you notice that sunlight is shining on the area where the oximeter is. Your action will be to:

• A. Set and turn on the alarm of the oximeter
• B. Do nothing since there is no identified problem
• C. Cover the fingertip sensor with a towel or bedsheet
• D. Change the location of the sensor every four hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action is to do nothing since there is no identified problem with the sunlight shining on the area where the oximeter is placed. The functionality of the oximeter is not affected by sunlight, so covering it or changing its location unnecessarily could disrupt the monitoring process. Setting the alarm or changing the sensor location every four hours is not indicated in this situation and may lead to unnecessary interventions. It's essential to assess the situation carefully and intervene only when necessary, ensuring that care provided is appropriate and effective.

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