Nursing Elites

1. What primarily determines the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein?

• A. Intake of fatty acids
• B. Gender
• C. Height
• D. Body weight

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein is primarily determined by an individual's body weight. This is because the body's protein requirement is proportionate to its size, which is generally reflected in the body weight. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: While factors such as fatty acid intake, gender, and height can influence an individual's overall nutritional needs, they do not directly determine the DRI for protein.

2. During early tooth development, vitamin A deficiency leads to enamel hypoplasia and defective dentin formation. Because of its effect on soft tissues and bone, vitamin A contributes to normal spacing of teeth.

• A. Both statements are true.
• B. Both statements are false.
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. The effect of vitamin A on the growth of soft tissues and bones naturally extends to the teeth and surrounding structures. Enamel hypoplasia, involving defective enamel matrix and incomplete calcification of enamel and dentin, can be due to vitamin A deficiency. The effect of this vitamin upon surrounding bone directly affects spacing patterns of the teeth within the bone and dentition. Choice A is correct because both statements accurately describe the influence of vitamin A on tooth development. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the accuracy of the statements provided.

3. Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of which vitamin?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin E
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, not vitamin E. The symptoms of scurvy include spontaneous gingival hemorrhaging, perifollicular petechiae, follicular hyperkeratosis, diarrhea, fatigue, depression, and cessation of bone growth. Vitamin A (Choice A) is important for vision and immune function, Vitamin D (Choice B) is essential for bone health, and Vitamin K (Choice D) is necessary for blood clotting. However, none of these vitamins are associated with scurvy.

4. Mang Carlos has a standing DNR order. He then suddenly stopped breathing and you are at his bedside. You would:

• A. Give extraordinary measures to save Mang Carlos
• B. Stay with Mang Carlos and Do nothing
• C. Call the physician
• D. Activate Code Blue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. Selective inattention is seen in which level of anxiety?

• A. Mild
• B. Moderate
• C. Severe
• D. Panic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Selective inattention is a defense mechanism seen in panic-level anxiety. In panic anxiety, individuals may experience selective inattention, where they focus only on specific aspects and ignore others. Mild anxiety does not typically involve selective inattention as individuals can still function effectively. Moderate and severe anxiety may impair attention, but selective inattention is more characteristic of panic-level anxiety.

Similar Questions