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Psychology 101 Final Exam

1. Genes ________

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Genes determine the range of characteristics a person has. Choice A is incorrect because genes do not solely determine behavior, as behavior is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Choice B is incorrect because while genes can contribute to the risk of developing mental disorders, they do not directly cause them. Choice C is incorrect as genes contribute to but do not solely determine all characteristics a person will have.

2. What role does culture play in the development of psychopathology?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culture is crucial in understanding the development of psychopathology. It influences beliefs, norms, values, and behaviors, which can significantly impact the manifestation and understanding of psychopathological conditions. Choice A is incorrect because culture does have a substantial impact on psychopathology. Choice C is not as strong as choice B in emphasizing the significance of culture. Choice D is incorrect as culture is one of many factors influencing the onset of psychopathology, not the sole determinant.

3. In order for one to be diagnosed with panic disorder, the panic attacks must?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Suddenly; unexpectedly.' Panic disorder is diagnosed when panic attacks occur unexpectedly, not gradually. Panic attacks are characterized by their sudden onset and are unpredictable. Choice B is incorrect because panic attacks do not manifest gradually. Choice C is incorrect because panic attacks are not expected or predicted. Choice D is incorrect as well because the unexpected nature of panic attacks is a key criterion for diagnosing panic disorder.

4. A group of psychologists is conducting research to determine whether people eat more when they are in the presence of environmental stimuli that increase anxiety, such as loud noises or flashing lights. These scientists most likely follow?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, the behavioral perspective. This perspective focuses on how environmental stimuli influence behavior, making it suitable for studying how anxiety-inducing stimuli affect eating behavior. The psychodynamic perspective (choice B) would focus more on unconscious processes and early life experiences. The humanistic perspective (choice C) emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization. The functionalist perspective (choice D) is more related to the study of the purpose of behavior and mental processes in adapting to the environment.

5. The baby coos and the mom smiles, so the baby coos again to get mom to smile again. Piaget would say that this action is an example of?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary circular reactions. Secondary circular reactions are repeated actions that infants engage in to trigger a response from the environment, such as the baby cooing to make the mom smile. This behavior is characterized by a focus on the external environment and the repetition of actions to achieve a desired response. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Reflexes (choice A) are automatic, involuntary responses to a stimulus, while primary circular reactions (choice B) involve the repetition of actions primarily for the infant's own enjoyment rather than to elicit a response from the environment. Tertiary circular reactions (choice D) refer to the experimentation with new behaviors and variations in the way the infant interacts with the environment.

Similar Questions

Barney helps his younger brother, who has just learned to cycle on his own, to navigate narrow roads and sharp turns. Vygotsky will refer to this as ________?
John Bowlby's attachment theory emphasized ________.
What is a set of age norms defining a sequence of life experiences that is considered normal in a given culture and that all individuals in that culture are expected to follow, which may lead to ____?
A predisposition toward developing a disorder is termed a __________ .
One key issue in the study of human development is the continuity-discontinuity issue. The discontinuity side posits that development is characterized by change in type or kind. These are known as ____.

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