a patient is on a low sodium diet which food item should the patient avoid

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Test

1. A patient is on a low-sodium diet. Which food item should the patient avoid?

A. Fresh fruit
B. Canned soup
C. Whole grain bread
D. Grilled chicken

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Canned soup. Canned soup is commonly high in sodium content, which is not suitable for a patient on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruit, whole grain bread, and grilled chicken typically have lower sodium levels and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Therefore, the patient should avoid canned soup to adhere to the requirements of a low-sodium diet.

2. The nurse is caring for an infant whose parent reports the infant takes a bottle to go to sleep. What should the nurse instruct to prevent baby bottle tooth decay?

A. Water
B. Milk
C. Iron-fortified formula
D. Unsweetened fruit juice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Water. Water is recommended to prevent baby bottle tooth decay caused by sugary substances present in milk, formula, or fruit juice. Water does not contain sugars that can contribute to tooth decay, unlike the other options. Milk, formula, and unsweetened fruit juice can all lead to tooth decay if the baby falls asleep with them in their mouth, as the sugars can linger on the teeth and cause decay over time. Iron-fortified formula, although beneficial for the infant's nutrition, still contains sugars that can be harmful to the teeth.

3. Which mineral is a principal component of cell membranes?

A. phosphorus
B. magnesium
C. iron
D. iodine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Phosphorus is the correct answer. It is a key component of cell membranes, being part of the phospholipid bilayer that provides structure and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. Magnesium, iron, and iodine do not serve as principal components of cell membranes. Magnesium is involved in various enzymatic reactions, iron is essential for oxygen transport, and iodine plays a role in thyroid hormone synthesis.

4. A nurse is providing nutritional information to a client with osteoporosis. Which food should the nurse recommend as being the highest in calcium?

A. 1 cup carrot strips
B. 3 oz canned salmon
C. 1 plain baked potato
D. 1 cup chopped chicken breast

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Canned salmon with bones is high in calcium.

5. During the first 24 hours of burn, nursing measures should focus on which of the following?

A. I and O hourly
B. Strict aseptic technique
C. Forced oral fluids
D. Isolate the patient

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.