Nursing Elites

1. Which type of assessment evaluates a person's risk of malnutrition by ranking key variables from the medical history and physical examination?

• A. Katz index
• B. integrated assessment
• C. subjective global assessment
• D. nutrition care plan

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is the correct choice. SGA is a comprehensive tool used to assess an individual's risk of malnutrition by integrating key variables from the medical history, physical examination, and other relevant factors. The Katz index is used to assess activities of daily living, not malnutrition risk. An integrated assessment refers to the overall evaluation process involving multiple assessments. A nutrition care plan is a personalized plan developed based on assessment findings, not the assessment itself.

2. What goal should an overweight woman include in her lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy?

• A. Aim to lose 11 to 20 pounds during pregnancy
• B. Increase protein intake to 35% of total calories
• C. Delay weight loss until after pregnancy
• D. Increase daily energy intake by 550 calories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The healthiest approach for an overweight pregnant woman is to delay weight loss until after pregnancy. During pregnancy, the body needs sufficient nutrition and energy to support the growth and development of the baby. Attempting to lose weight during pregnancy, especially significant amounts, may compromise the health of both the mother and the baby. Increasing protein intake to 35% of total calories or energy intake by 550 calories per day without professional guidance may lead to an unbalanced diet, which is not optimal for pregnancy. The focus should be on maintaining a balanced, nutrient-rich diet and appropriate weight gain during pregnancy.

3. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?

• A. Self-esteem disturbance
• B. Impaired urinary elimination
• C. Impaired skin integrity
• D. Risk for infection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Risk for infection.' An indwelling urinary catheter poses a significant risk for infection due to its invasive nature and the increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections. While 'B: Impaired urinary elimination' and 'C: Impaired skin integrity' may also be concerns for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter, the immediate risk of infection is the priority. 'A: Self-esteem disturbance' is not typically a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter because the focus is primarily on infection prevention and management to ensure patient safety and well-being.

4. A nurse is discussing sources of vitamin K with a client. Which food should the nurse recommend?

• A. Fish
• B. Leafy greens
• C. Citrus fruits
• D. Nuts

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Leafy greens are rich in vitamin K, which is important for blood clotting.

5. Which of the following is not a desirable blood lipid value?

• A. low total cholesterol
• B. high LDL
• C. high HDL
• D. low blood triglycerides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. High levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are undesirable as they are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, low total cholesterol (choice A), high HDL (choice C), and low blood triglycerides (choice D) are considered desirable blood lipid values. Low total cholesterol is beneficial as high levels can increase the risk of heart disease. High HDL cholesterol is considered good as it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries. Low blood triglycerides are also preferred as high levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

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