a patients diet order is most often prescribed by

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. Who most often prescribes a patient's diet order?

A. Registered Nurse
B. Physician
C. Registered Dietetic Technician
D. Occupational Therapist

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A patient's dietary order is most frequently prescribed by a physician. This is because the physician has a comprehensive understanding of the patient's medical condition and can thus determine the most suitable dietary plan. Registered dietitians often collaborate with physicians in this process, but the final prescription is made by the physician. Although registered nurses, dietetic technicians, and occupational therapists play significant roles in patient care, they typically do not prescribe diet orders.

2. Low levels of physical activity are more commonly associated with which type of cancer?

A. Esophageal cancer
B. Pancreatic cancer
C. Lung cancer
D. Colon cancer

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Low physical activity is most strongly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. Regular exercise helps regulate bowel movements and reduce inflammation, which are factors that can contribute to the development of colon cancer. Esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer are not as directly linked to low levels of physical activity.

3. Is it a good idea for an athlete to eliminate all fat from his diet in order to stay lean?

A. yes, because dietary fat is stored easily in fat cells and can't be used for energy
B. no, because fats provide energy during prolonged exercise
C. yes, because fat is stored under the skin and causes the body to overheat
D. no, because excess fat is converted to glycogen and stored in the muscles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fat is an essential energy source during prolonged exercise, so eliminating it entirely from the diet is not advisable for athletes.

4. What is the primary purpose of dietary fiber in the diet?

A. Improving digestion
B. Providing energy
C. Aiding in the absorption of vitamins
D. Reducing cholesterol

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The primary purpose of dietary fiber in the diet is to reduce cholesterol levels. While it does aid in digestion by promoting regular bowel movements, its main role is in lowering cholesterol. Choice A is partially correct but not the primary purpose. Choice B is incorrect as fiber is not a direct source of energy. Choice C is also incorrect as the primary role of fiber is not in the absorption of vitamins.

5. Each statement is true of swallowing and processing food, except one. Which is the exception?

A. The swallowing reflex moves a bolus into the esophagus
B. A bolus is a mass of food
C. The bolus is transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity
D. The bolus penetrates the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The bolus is not transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity, but by peristalsis. Peristalsis is the involuntary constriction and relaxation of muscles to push the bolus through the digestive system. Choices A, B, and D are correct statements. A bolus is indeed a mass of food, the swallowing reflex does move the bolus into the esophagus, and the bolus does not penetrate the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus; instead, it enters the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter.