Nursing Elites

1. A factor contributing to the risk for dehydration in the older adult is that _____.

• A. drinking fluids causes loss of bladder control
• B. older adults do not seem to notice mouth dryness as readily as younger people
• C. increased fluid intake will decrease the intake of nutrient-dense foods
• D. changes in intestinal motility contribute to excess fluid loss

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Older adults may not notice mouth dryness as readily as younger individuals, increasing their risk for dehydration, especially if they do not consciously increase fluid intake.

2. Reducing the amount of trans fat in the diet is an effective method of decreasing the risk of CHD. Which food is most likely a source of trans fat?

• A. hot dogs
• B. whole milk
• C. fatty fish
• D. potato chips

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: potato chips. Potato chips, especially when fried in hydrogenated oils, are a common source of trans fats, which are linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Hot dogs (choice A) can also contain trans fats if made with processed meats and added fats. Whole milk (choice B) and fatty fish (choice C) do not typically contain trans fats, making them less likely sources compared to potato chips.

3. The only IV fluid compatible with blood products is:

• A. D5LR C. NSS
• B. D5NSS D. Plain LR
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. A client with a history of pancreatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following food choices should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

• A. Noodles
• B. Vegetable Soup
• C. Baked Fish
• D. Cheddar cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with pancreatitis should avoid high-fat foods like cheddar cheese as they can exacerbate symptoms due to the organ's role in fat digestion. Noodles, vegetable soup, and baked fish are generally considered to be lower in fat content and are thus safer choices for individuals with pancreatitis.

5. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following is a trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body?

• A. Calcium
• B. Vitamin A depletion
• C. Exposure to sunlight
• D. Weight-bearing exercise

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Exposure to sunlight is the trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, it produces vitamin D. This process is essential for maintaining healthy levels of vitamin D in the body. Calcium (Choice A) is important for bone health but is not the trigger for vitamin D formation. Vitamin A depletion (Choice B) does not directly trigger the formation of vitamin D. Weight-bearing exercise (Choice D) is crucial for bone health but is not directly related to the formation of vitamin D.

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