ATI RN
ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam
1. Digestible carbs are absorbed as ___ through the small intestinal wall and are delivered to the liver, which releases ___ into the bloodstream.
- A. glucose
- B. monosaccharides
- C. galactose
- D. disaccharides
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Digestible carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides (simple sugars) like glucose, which the liver can release into the bloodstream for energy.
2. Can soluble fibers be fermented by gut bacteria?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Soluble fibers can indeed be fermented by gut bacteria in the large intestine, leading to the production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids. This fermentation process is important for gut health and provides various health benefits. Therefore, the statement is true. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the known scientific fact that soluble fibers can be broken down by gut bacteria through fermentation.
3. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has just learned that she has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should explain that which of the following sweeteners will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count?
- A. Sorbitol
- B. Sucralose
- C. Aspartame
- D. Acesulfame potassium
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Sorbitol is a sweetener that will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count. It is a sugar alcohol that provides about 2.6 calories per gram. Sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium are all non-nutritive sweeteners that do not contribute significant calories to the diet. Sucralose is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose but does not add calories. Aspartame is a low-calorie sweetener that is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and acesulfame potassium is a calorie-free sweetener.
4. How many grams of protein per day are recommended for a person weighing 150 lbs?
- A. 120
- B. 85
- C. 187.5
- D. 54
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. To convert pounds to kilograms, divide the weight in pounds by 2.2. Therefore, a 150 lb person weighs approximately 68 kg (150 / 2.2 = 68). Multiplying 68 kg by 0.8 grams gives us 54 grams of protein per day. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the RDA calculation based on body weight.
5. A client who was normal weight before pregnancy asks about the recommended weight gain during pregnancy. What should the nurse advise?
- A. 18-40 pounds
- B. 25-35 pounds
- C. 11-20 pounds
- D. 15-25 pounds
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 25-35 pounds. According to standard prenatal guidelines, a client with a normal pre-pregnancy weight is recommended to gain between 25-35 pounds during pregnancy. This weight gain is important for the overall health of the mother and the developing baby. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not fall within the recommended weight gain range for a client with a normal pre-pregnancy weight.
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