Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following vaccines is not done by intramuscular (IM) injection?

• A. Measles vaccine C. Hepa-B vaccine
• B. DPT D. Tetanus toxoids
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

2. Among people who are ill, significant weight loss may be masked by?

• A. dehydration
• B. a large tumor
• C. drug therapy
• D. fluid retention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fluid retention can mask weight loss in ill individuals as the retained fluid adds to body weight, making it difficult to detect true fat or muscle loss. Dehydration (Choice A) would actually lead to weight loss rather than masking it. While a large tumor (Choice B) could contribute to weight loss, it would not mask the weight loss itself. Drug therapy (Choice C) may cause side effects, including weight changes, but it is unlikely to mask significant weight loss in the same way that fluid retention does.

3. Which animal-derived food contains the most significant level of carbohydrates?

• A. Egg
• B. Beef
• C. Milk
• D. Poultry

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Milk contains the most significant level of carbohydrates among animal-derived foods. Milk and milk products supply significant quantities of carbohydrate in the form of lactose. Eggs, beef, and poultry are not significant sources of carbohydrates compared to milk. In cheese making, lactose is removed as a by-product, reducing the carbohydrate content further.

4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has acute pancreatitis and has a prescription for fat-soluble vitamin supplements. The nurse should instruct the client to take a supplement for which of the following?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin B1
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In acute pancreatitis, malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins can occur due to pancreatic enzyme insufficiency. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that may need supplementation in this case. Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 are water-soluble vitamins and are not typically affected by pancreatic enzyme insufficiency in acute pancreatitis. Therefore, the correct supplement for the client with acute pancreatitis is Vitamin A.

5. Which food items should be avoided by a child with lactose intolerance?

• A. Popcorn, seeds, and any foods containing nuts.
• B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings.
• C. Wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods.
• D. Eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings should be avoided by a child with lactose intolerance because they contain lactose, which the child's body may have difficulty digesting. Option A is incorrect as popcorn, seeds, and foods containing nuts do not typically contain lactose. Option C lists wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods, which are sources of gluten, not lactose. Option D includes eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats, which are also not sources of lactose. Therefore, B is the most appropriate choice for a child with lactose intolerance.

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