poor nutrition results in delayed eruption and exfoliation of deciduous teeth and increased dental caries increased caries susceptibility in at risk c
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. Poor nutrition results in delayed eruption and exfoliation of deciduous teeth and increased dental caries. Increased caries susceptibility in at-risk children may be related to changes in salivary composition caused by malnutrition.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Poor nutrition can affect tooth development and increase the risk of dental caries in children.

2. What describes a common physical change of aging that can affect an older adult's nutrition?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Reduced salivary output is a common physical change in aging. This can affect an older adult's nutrition by impacting chewing, swallowing, and taste perception. The decrease in saliva production can make it harder to chew and swallow food effectively, affecting the overall eating experience. Additionally, saliva plays a role in taste perception, so a reduction in salivary output can lead to alterations in how food tastes, potentially impacting an individual's appetite and food choices. Increased gastrointestinal motility (choice B) is not typically associated with aging and would not directly affect nutrition. Abnormal cortisol production (choice C) is related to hormonal changes and is not a common physical change of aging that affects nutrition. An increase in the number of taste buds (choice D) is not a typical change associated with aging and would not have a significant impact on an older adult's nutrition.

3. Dietary fiber has been recommended for its possible benefits in reducing heart disease by lowering blood cholesterol. How is fiber thought to play its role in lowering blood cholesterol?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Viscous (soluble) fiber binds with bile acids in the intestine, which are then excreted. The liver must use cholesterol to make more bile acids, thereby lowering blood cholesterol levels. Choice A is incorrect as insoluble fiber does not bind with cholesterol in the large intestine. Choice C is incorrect as soluble fiber does not directly bind with cholesterol in the blood. Choice D is incorrect as insoluble fiber does not convert to bile in the large intestine to bind with cholesterol.

4. A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to prevent constipation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating foods high in fiber increases stool bulk and promotes easier elimination, thus preventing constipation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Drinking water is important, but the emphasis should be on high-fiber foods. Mineral oil is not a recommended first-line treatment for constipation, and skipping meals can disrupt regular bowel movements, potentially leading to constipation.

5. Which list contains fatty acids that reduce cardiovascular disease risk?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), both omega-3 fatty acids, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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