which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity

ATI RN

ATI Anatomy and Physiology Online Practice

1. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?

A. Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems
B. Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems
C. Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues
D. Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems. This list correctly depicts the increasing levels of complexity in biological organization. It starts with organelles, which are subunits within cells, followed by cells, then tissues (groups of cells working together), organs (comprised of different tissues), and finally organ systems (multiple organs working together). Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not follow the logical progression of complexity from smaller units to larger, more complex structures.

2. An occurrence of too high a concentration of which of the following electrolytes is associated with cardiac arrhythmias?

A. chloride
B. phosphorus
C. potassium
D. sodium

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is potassium. High levels of potassium in the blood, known as hyperkalemia, can lead to cardiac arrhythmias by affecting the electrical activity of the heart. This can disrupt the normal rhythm of the heart and lead to serious complications. Chloride, phosphorus, and sodium imbalances are not typically associated with cardiac arrhythmias, making them incorrect choices.

3. What causes wrinkled and sagging skin?

A. Drinking too much water
B. Heredity alone
C. Loss of subcutaneous fat and reduced levels of elastin and collagen
D. Excess subcutaneous fat

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Wrinkled and sagging skin is primarily caused by the loss of subcutaneous fat and reduced levels of elastin and collagen in the skin. Choice A is incorrect as drinking too much water does not lead to wrinkled and sagging skin. Choice B is incorrect because heredity alone does not cause this condition. Excess subcutaneous fat, as mentioned in Choice D, can contribute to a different skin appearance, such as puffiness, but not wrinkled and sagging skin.

4. What is assimilation?

A. changing absorbed substances into different chemical forms
B. breaking down foods into nutrients that the body can absorb
C. eliminating waste from the body
D. an increase in body size without a change in overall shape

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Assimilation is the process of changing absorbed substances into different chemical forms. It occurs after nutrients from food are absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body. Choice B, breaking down foods into nutrients that the body can absorb, refers to the process of digestion rather than assimilation. Choice C, eliminating waste from the body, describes the process of excretion. Choice D, an increase in body size without a change in overall shape, does not accurately define assimilation.

5. What is the maximum capacity of a normal adult bladder before involuntary micturition is likely to occur?

A. 800-900ml
B. 300-600ml
C. 1000-2000ml
D. 400-700ml

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 300-600ml. A normal adult bladder can hold approximately 300-600ml of urine before the urge to urinate becomes strong and involuntary micturition is likely to occur. Choice A (800-900ml), Choice C (1000-2000ml), and Choice D (400-700ml) all exceed the typical capacity of a normal adult bladder and would generally not be accurate in the context of involuntary micturition.