Nursing Elites

1. Magnetic resonance imaging might be used to

• A. distinguish between normal and abnormal tissue.
• B. examine an injured knee.
• C. provide detailed images of the brain.
• D. do both A and B.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Magnetic resonance imaging, commonly known as MRI, is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize internal structures of the body. While it can be used to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissue, one of its common applications is to examine musculoskeletal injuries, such as an injured knee. Choice A has been corrected to mention 'normal and abnormal tissue' instead of 'normal and cancerous tissue' as MRI is not solely used for cancer detection. Choice C is incorrect as MRI can provide detailed images of various body parts, not just limited to the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is to examine an injured knee.

2. What effect does aldosterone secretion have on electrolyte levels?

• A. Calcium levels are decreased
• B. Sodium levels are increased
• C. Potassium levels are increased
• D. Magnesium levels are decreased

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Aldosterone is a hormone that primarily acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium and water into the bloodstream. As a result, sodium levels are increased. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Aldosterone does not significantly affect calcium, potassium, or magnesium levels.

3. Macromolecules are built of?

• A. Monomers
• B. Incorrect
• C. Not Applicable
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monomers. Macromolecules are built from smaller subunits called monomers. Monomers join together through chemical reactions to form larger molecules known as macromolecules. Option B is incorrect as it does not provide the accurate information regarding the composition of macromolecules. Option C is not applicable as it does not offer a relevant choice. Option D is incorrect because there is a specific answer related to the composition of macromolecules.

4. Is the parietal pleura a visceral membrane?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The statement that the parietal pleura is a visceral membrane is false. The parietal pleura is actually a membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and is responsible for protecting and cushioning the lungs. Visceral pleura, on the other hand, is the membrane that covers the surface of the lungs. Therefore, the parietal pleura is not a visceral membrane, making the correct answer 'False.' Choices C and D are not relevant as the question is asking for a true/false statement.

5. Which part of the nephron is closest to the collecting duct?

• A. Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
• B. Bowman's Capsule
• C. Afferent Arteriole
• D. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The DCT is the part of the nephron closest to the collecting duct, where the final adjustments to electrolyte and fluid balance are made. Bowman's Capsule is located at the beginning of the nephron, where filtration of blood occurs. The Afferent Arteriole brings blood to the glomerulus for filtration. The Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) is situated after the Bowman's Capsule and is not the part closest to the collecting duct.

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