Nursing Elites

1. Which expectant mother has the greatest risk of a baby born with fetal alcohol syndrome?

• A. Chloe, a Caucasian American
• B. Latima, an African American
• C. Yvonne, a Native American
• D. Ming, an Asian American Answer: C Page Ref: 85 Skill Level: Apply known or suspected teratogens. Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to research, Native American populations have the highest prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in the United States. This increased risk is due to various social, cultural, and environmental factors within Native American communities.

2. Which of the following is the best available predictor of infant survival and healthy development?

• A. Birth length
• B. Combined Apgar score
• C. Delivery date
• D. Birth weight

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Birth weight.' Birth weight is a crucial indicator of an infant's chances of survival and well-being. Low birth weight is associated with various health risks and developmental challenges. Birth length (choice A) is not as significant in predicting infant outcomes as birth weight. The Combined Apgar score (choice B) is a measure of the newborn's health status at birth, not a predictor of long-term survival and development. Delivery date (choice C) is important for determining gestational age but is not as directly related to infant survival and healthy development as birth weight.

3. Among all Western nations, which country has the highest percentage of extremely poor children?

• A. the United States
• B. Canada
• C. Germany
• D. France

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'the United States.' According to the information provided, the United States has the highest percentage of extremely poor children among Western nations. This is supported by the extract, which states that the United States leads in this aspect. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the question specifically asks for the country with the highest percentage of extremely poor children among Western nations, which is the United States.

4. If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum shrinks, and the __________.

• A. cells begin to duplicate
• B. one-celled zygote multiplies and forms a blastocyst
• C. germinal period lasts only about two weeks
• D. lining of the uterus is discarded

Correct answer: D

Rationale: If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum will shrink. As a result, the lining of the uterus is discarded through the process of menstruation. This shedding of the uterine lining is what causes menstrual bleeding. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not describe the physiological response of the body when pregnancy does not occur. The corpus luteum shrinking and the subsequent shedding of the uterine lining are part of the menstrual cycle, not processes related to cell duplication, zygote multiplication, or the duration of the germinal period.

5. The first successful intelligence test was originally constructed to __________.

• A. measure individual differences in IQ
• B. document age-related improvements in children's intellectual functioning
• C. identify children with learning problems who needed to be placed in special classes
• D. compare the scores of people who varied in gender, ethnicity, and birth order

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first successful intelligence test, the Binet-Simon Scale, was originally developed to identify children with learning problems who required special educational interventions. Choice A is incorrect because measuring individual differences in IQ was not the primary purpose of the test. Choice B is incorrect because documenting age-related improvements in children's intellectual functioning was not the main goal of the test. Choice D is incorrect because comparing the scores of people based on gender, ethnicity, and birth order was not the intended use of the intelligence test.

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