Nursing Elites

1. Which action is an example of secondary prevention in public health?

• A. Administering vaccines to prevent disease
• B. Providing treatment for chronic diseases
• C. Screening for early signs of disease
• D. Offering health education workshops

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is screening for early signs of disease (Choice C). Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of diseases to prevent their progression. By screening for early signs of disease, individuals can receive timely interventions, leading to better health outcomes. Administering vaccines (Choice A) falls under primary prevention by preventing the occurrence of diseases. Providing treatment for chronic diseases (Choice B) is part of tertiary prevention, which focuses on managing and reducing complications of established diseases. Offering health education workshops (Choice D) can be part of primary prevention by promoting healthy behaviors to prevent diseases.

2. While on a hiking trip, a Girl Scout unit rested on Mt. Makiling when scout Jaymee, 14 years old, complained of a sudden, moderately bearable toothache. In their first-aid kit, they discovered they had no mefenamic acid but luckily stumbled upon a home that uses alternative pain-relieving medicinal plants. Which plant would be helpful for the toothache?

• A. Bawang (garlic)
• B. Lagundi
• C. Sambong
• D. Tsaang gubat

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Bawang (garlic) is traditionally used as a pain reliever, especially for toothaches due to its antimicrobial properties that can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with dental issues.

3. How does critical theory differ from other nursing theories such as the Health Belief Model or Orem’s self-care deficit theory?

• A. Critical theory can be utilized by professionals other than nurses.
• B. Critical theory focuses on oppression and enables group action.
• C. Critical theory is indirectly associated with health promotion.
• D. Critical theory addresses challenging an individual’s beliefs.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Critical theory differs from other nursing theories like the Health Belief Model or Orem's self-care deficit theory by focusing on oppression and enabling group action. Unlike these nursing theories that may concentrate more on individual beliefs, critical theory aims to address broader societal issues and promote collective action for social change.

4. Which of the following is an indication for tracheostomy?

• A. Drainage of pleural effusion
• B. Hemorrhage
• C. Infections
• D. Acute respiratory failure

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure where an incision is made in the windpipe to help with breathing. Acute respiratory failure, which can occur due to various reasons such as upper airway obstruction, is a common indication for tracheostomy. While drainage of pleural effusion, hemorrhage, and infections may require medical intervention, they are not direct indications for a tracheostomy like acute respiratory failure.

5. What action would a community health nurse take to address health disparities?

• A. Providing health education to individuals
• B. Advocating for policies that promote health equity
• C. Conducting community health assessments
• D. Offering free health screenings

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Advocating for policies that promote health equity is a crucial action for community health nurses to address health disparities. While providing health education, conducting assessments, and offering free screenings are important interventions, advocating for policies that promote health equity can have a broader and more sustainable impact on reducing health disparities within communities.

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