Nursing Elites

1. When classmates are asked to rate each other's likability, __________ children get many positive votes, whereas __________ children are seldom mentioned.

• A. popular; neglected
• B. neglected; rejected
• C. popular; rejected
• D. controversial; neglected

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'popular; neglected.' Popular children are well-liked by their peers, hence they receive many positive votes. Neglected children, on the other hand, are often overlooked or ignored, resulting in them being seldom mentioned. Choice B is incorrect because neglected and rejected have different meanings. Choice C is incorrect as popular and rejected do not align with the likability context provided in the question. Choice D is incorrect as controversial does not directly relate to likability in the context of the question.

2. Dr. Faulkner believes that directly observable events, such as stimuli and responses, are the appropriate focus of the study of development. Dr. Faulkner probably follows the __________ perspective of development.

• A. psychosexual
• B. psychosocial
• C. behaviorist
• D. cognitive-developmental

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dr. Faulkner's focus on directly observable events, such as stimuli and responses, aligns with the behaviorist perspective of development. Behaviorism emphasizes the influence of the environment on individual behavior and learning, with a strong emphasis on observable actions rather than internal mental processes or stages of development. Choice A, psychosexual, is associated with Freud's theory focusing on stages of psychosexual development. Choice B, psychosocial, is linked to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Choice D, cognitive-developmental, is related to Piaget's theory emphasizing cognitive development stages.

3. __________ love is strong at the beginning of a relationship.

• A. Compassionate
• B. Affectionate
• C. Passionate
• D. Companionate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Passionate love is characterized by intense emotions and physical attraction, which are common in the early stages of relationships. Compassionate love involves deep affection, but it develops over time based on mutual respect, trust, and intimacy. Affectionate love is warm and tender, but it may not necessarily have the intense emotions associated with passionate love. Companionate love is based on friendship, respect, and affection, but it may lack the intense emotions and physical attraction that characterize passionate love.

4. Nine-year-old Krista gives part of her allowance to charity and collects canned goods for the food bank through her scout troop. Krista is developing __________.

• A. pride
• B. empathy
• C. guilt
• D. inferiority

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: empathy. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of others, which is a crucial social development in childhood. In this scenario, Krista's actions of giving to charity and collecting goods for the food bank demonstrate her growing empathy towards those in need. Choice A, pride, does not capture the essence of understanding and sharing others' feelings. Choice C, guilt, is not appropriate as there is no indication that Krista feels guilty about her actions. Choice D, inferiority, is unrelated to the positive behavior displayed by Krista.

5. By the twelfth week of pregnancy, __________.

• A. the sex of the fetus can be detected with ultrasound
• B. the mother can feel the movements of the fetus
• C. the fetus is viable and can survive if born early
• D. synchrony between fetal heart rate and motor activity peaks Answer: A Page Ref: 79 Skill Level: Understand Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 6 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e Topic: Prenatal Development Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: By the twelfth week of pregnancy, the sex of the fetus can be detected with ultrasound. Ultrasound technology allows for visualization of the developing fetus and identification of physical characteristics, such as sex, during prenatal appointments.

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