ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Exam Questions
1. A major strength of the information-processing approach to development is its commitment to __________.
- A. the study of imagination
- B. flexible case study interviews
- C. rigorous research methods
- D. disproving other developmental theories
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The major strength of the information-processing approach to development is its commitment to rigorous research methods. This approach emphasizes systematic observation, measurement, and experimentation to study cognitive development in individuals. By using rigorous research methods, researchers can gather reliable and valid data to better understand how information is processed in the human mind. This commitment to methodological rigor enhances the credibility and validity of the conclusions drawn within the information-processing approach to development. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the information-processing approach focuses on empirical research methods rather than the study of imagination, case study interviews, or disproving other developmental theories.
2. Who believed that complex mental activities have their origins in social interaction?
- A. Jean Piaget
- B. Renée Baillargeon
- C. Noam Chomsky
- D. Lev Vygotsky
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky emphasized the role of social interaction and cultural tools in the development of higher cognitive functions. Jean Piaget focused more on individual cognitive development stages, Renée Baillargeon is known for her work in infant cognition and object permanence, and Noam Chomsky is renowned for his theories in linguistics and the study of language.
3. During prenatal development, the ectoderm becomes the __________.
- A. muscles and skeleton
- B. nervous system and skin
- C. circulatory system and other internal organs
- D. digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: nervous system and skin. The nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, as well as the skin, develop from the ectoderm layer of cells during prenatal development. Choice A is incorrect because muscles and skeleton develop from mesoderm. Choice C is incorrect because the circulatory system and other internal organs develop from mesoderm and endoderm. Choice D is incorrect because the digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands develop from endoderm.
4. What did John Bowlby believe?
- A. Adults and more expert peers help children master culturally meaningful activities.
- B. The infant-caregiver bond has lifelong consequences for human relationships.
- C. Parents and infants are both instinctively attached to each other.
- D. Attachment patterns are difficult to study in humans.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: John Bowlby believed that the infant-caregiver bond has lifelong consequences for human relationships. This is supported by his theory of attachment, where he emphasized the importance of early attachment experiences in shaping individuals' future relationships. Choice A is incorrect as it does not reflect Bowlby's main focus on attachment theory. Choice C is incorrect as Bowlby's theory suggests that attachment is more than just instinctual. Choice D is also incorrect as Bowlby's work actually paved the way for the study of attachment patterns in humans.
5. During the period of the embryo, the __________ becomes the __________.
- A. mesoderm; nervous system, lungs, internal organs, and skin
- B. chorion; endocrine system, muscles, placenta, and skeleton
- C. ectoderm; circulatory system, skin, skeleton, and internal organs
- D. endoderm; digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands Answer: D Page Ref: 78 Skill Level: Remember Topic: Prenatal Development Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During the period of the embryo, the endoderm becomes the digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands. The endoderm is one of the primary germ layers that give rise to various internal organs in the developing embryo. It plays a crucial role in the formation of organs such as the digestive system, respiratory system, and glandular structures.
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